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Evaluating Changes in Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake after Receiving Personal FADS1 Genetic Information: A Randomized Nutrigenetic Intervention.

ABSTRACT: Nutrigenetics research is anticipated to lay the foundation for personalized dietary recommendations; however, it remains unclear if providing individuals with their personal genetic information changes dietary behaviors. Our objective was to evaluate if providing information for a common variant in the fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene changed omega-3 fatty acid (FA) intake and blood levels in young female adults (18-25 years). Participants were randomized into Genetic (intervention) and Non-Genetic (control) groups, with measurements taken at Baseline and Final (12 weeks). Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was assessed using an omega-3 food frequency questionnaire. Red blood cell (RBC) FA content was quantified by gas chromatography. Implications of participation in a nutrigenetics study and awareness of omega-3 FAs were assessed with online questionnaires. Upon completion of the study, EPA and DHA intake increased significantly (p = 1.0 × 10-4) in all participants. This change was reflected by small increases in RBC %EPA. Participants in the Genetic group showed increased awareness of omega-3 terminology by the end of the study, reported that the dietary recommendations were more useful, and rated cost as a barrier to omega-3 consumption less often than those in the Non-Genetic group. Providing participants FADS1 genetic information did not appear to influence omega-3 intake during the 12 weeks, but did change perceptions and behaviors related to omega-3 FAs in this timeframe.

SUBMITTER: Roke K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5372903 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evaluating Changes in Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake after Receiving Personal FADS1 Genetic Information: A Randomized Nutrigenetic Intervention.

Roke Kaitlin K Walton Kathryn K Klingel Shannon L SL Harnett Amber A Subedi Sanjeena S Haines Jess J Mutch David M DM

Nutrients 20170306 3

Nutrigenetics research is anticipated to lay the foundation for personalized dietary recommendations; however, it remains unclear if providing individuals with their personal genetic information changes dietary behaviors. Our objective was to evaluate if providing information for a common variant in the fatty acid desaturase 1 (<i>FADS1</i>) gene changed omega-3 fatty acid (FA) intake and blood levels in young female adults (18-25 years). Participants were randomized into Genetic (intervention) ...[more]

PMID: 28272299

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Project description:BackgroundRecent genome-wide association studies have revealed that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is correlated with genetic polymorphisms. However, the effects of genetic variation on nutritional metabolism and NAFLD are complex and further studies are still needed.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the nutritional characteristics interacting with the correlation between genetic predisposition and NAFLD.MethodsWe assessed the 2013-2017 health examination data of 1191 adults aged ≥40 y living in Shika town, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. Adults with moderate or heavy alcohol consumption and hepatitis were excluded, and 464 participants who underwent genetic analyses were included in the study. Abdominal echography was performed to diagnose fatty liver condition, and dietary intake and nutritional balance were evaluated using the brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. NAFLD-related gene polymorphisms were identified using Japonica Array v2 (Toshiba).ResultsAmong the 31 single nucleotide polymorphisms, only the polymorphism T-455C in the apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) gene (rs2854116) was significantly associated with fatty liver condition. The condition was more common in participants with heterozygotes of the APOC3 gene (rs2854116) than in those with the TT and CC genotypes. Significant interactions were observed between NAFLD and the intake of fat, vegetable fat, MUFAs, PUFAs, cholesterol, n-3 FAs, and n-6 FAs. Moreover, participants with NAFLD who presented with the TT genotype had a significantly higher fat intake than those without NAFLD.ConclusionsThe polymorphism T-455C in the APOC3 gene (rs2854116) and fat intake are associated with the NAFLD risk in Japanese adults. Participants with a fatty liver who presented with the TT genotype of rs2854116 had a higher fat intake. Such nutrigenetic interaction can deepen our understanding of the NAFLD pathology. Moreover, in clinical settings, the correlation between genetic factors and nutrition intake should be considered in personalized nutritional interventions against NAFLD. Curr Dev Nutr 2023;xx:xx.The study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN 000024915.

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Dataset Information

Evaluating Changes in Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake after Receiving Personal FADS1 Genetic Information: A Randomized Nutrigenetic Intervention.

Publications

Evaluating Changes in Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake after Receiving Personal FADS1 Genetic Information: A Randomized Nutrigenetic Intervention.

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