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Effects of Dietary Yogurt on the Healthy Human Gastrointestinal (GI) Microbiome.

ABSTRACT: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract performs key functions that regulate the relationship between the host and the microbiota. Research has shown numerous benefits of probiotic intake in the modulation of immune responses and human metabolic processes. However, unfavorable attention has been paid to temporal changes of the microbial composition and diversity of the GI tract. This study aimed to investigate the effects of yogurt consumption on the GI microbiome bacteria community composition, structure and diversity during and after a short-term period (42 days). We used a multi-approach combining classical fingerprinting techniques (T-RFLPs), Sanger analyses and Illumina MiSeq 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to elucidate bacterial communities and Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria populations within healthy adults that consume high doses of yogurt daily. Results indicated that overall GI microbial community and diversity was method-dependent, yet we found individual specific changes in bacterial composition and structure in healthy subjects that consumed high doses of yogurt throughout the study.

SUBMITTER: Lisko DJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5374383 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Dietary Yogurt on the Healthy Human Gastrointestinal (GI) Microbiome.

Lisko Daniel J DJ Johnston G Patricia GP Johnston Carl G CG

Microorganisms 20170215 1

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract performs key functions that regulate the relationship between the host and the microbiota. Research has shown numerous benefits of probiotic intake in the modulation of immune responses and human metabolic processes. However, unfavorable attention has been paid to temporal changes of the microbial composition and diversity of the GI tract. This study aimed to investigate the effects of yogurt consumption on the GI microbiome bacteria community composition, structu ...[more]

PMID: 28212267

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Project description:Dysregulation of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function has emerged as potential mechanisms underlying digestive diseases, yet targeted therapies are lacking The purpose of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of UCC118, a characterized probiotic strain, on exercise-induced GI permeability in healthy humans. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, seven healthy adults received 4 weeks of daily UCC118 or placebo supplementation. GI hyperpermeability was induced by strenuous treadmill running performed before and after each supplementation period. While running, participants ingested 5 g of lactulose, rhamnose, and sucrose. Urine was collected before, immediately after, and every hour for 5 h after exercise to assess GI permeability. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on fecal homogenates collected prior to exercise to identify changes in microbial diversity and taxon abundances. Inflammatory biomarkers were assessed from blood and fecal homogenates collected prior to and immediately following the cessation of exercise. Exercise significantly induced intestinal permeability of lactulose, rhamnose, and sucrose (P < 0.001). UCC118 significantly reduced sucrose (Δ = -0.38 ± 0.13 vs. 1.69 ± 0.79; P < 0.05) recovery, with no substantial change in lactulose (Δ = -0.07 ± 0.23 vs. 0.35 ± 0.15; P = 0.16) or rhamnose (Δ = -0.06 ± 0.22 vs. 0.48 ± 0.28; P = 0.22). Taxonomic sequencing revealed 99 differentially regulated bacteria spanning 6 taxonomic ranks (P < 0.05) after UCC118 supplementation. No differences in plasma IL-6 or fecal zonulin were observed after UCC118 supplementation. The results described herein provide proof of principle that 4 weeks of UCC118 supplementation attenuated exercise-induced intestinal hyperpermeability. Further research is warranted to investigate the as-yet-to-be defined molecular processes of intestinal hyperpermeability and the effects of probiotic supplementation.

Dataset Information

Effects of Dietary Yogurt on the Healthy Human Gastrointestinal (GI) Microbiome.

Publications

Effects of Dietary Yogurt on the Healthy Human Gastrointestinal (GI) Microbiome.

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