Dataset Information

Genetic and neural predictors of behavioral weight loss treatment: A preliminary study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To examine neural mechanisms of action in behavioral weight loss treatment (BWL) and explore neural and genetic predictors of BWL.

Methods

Neural activation to milkshake receipt and genetics were compared in 17 women with obesity who received 12 weeks of BWL and 17 women who received no intervention. Participants were scanned twice using functional magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and 12 weeks. Weight was assessed at baseline, 12, 36, and 60 weeks.

Results

BWL participants lost more weight than controls at 12 weeks (-4.82% versus -0.70%). After 12 weeks, BWL had greater reduction in right caudate activation response to milk shake receipt than did controls. Among BWL participants, baseline to 12-week reduction in frontostriatal activation to milk shake predicted greater weight loss at 12, 36, and 60 weeks. Possessing the A/A or T/A genotype of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) variant rs9939609 predicted greater weight loss at 12 and 36 weeks.

Conclusions

These preliminary data reveal that reduction in right caudate activation may be a neural mechanism of weight loss in BWL, and baseline FTO variant and reduction in frontostriatal activation during BWL predict short- and long-term weight loss. These findings require replication in larger samples.

SUBMITTER: Chen EY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5381816 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Genetic and neural predictors of behavioral weight loss treatment: A preliminary study.

Chen Eunice Y EY Olino Thomas M TM Conklin Chris J CJ Mohamed Feroze B FB Hoge W Scott WS Foster Gary D GD Arlt Jean M JM Eneva Kalina K Kidd Judy R JR Kidd Kenneth R KR Lent Michelle R MR Murray Susan S Newberg Andrew A Tewksbury Colleen C VanderVeur Stephanie S SS Yiu Angelina A

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20161102 1

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine neural mechanisms of action in behavioral weight loss treatment (BWL) and explore neural and genetic predictors of BWL.<h4>Methods</h4>Neural activation to milkshake receipt and genetics were compared in 17 women with obesity who received 12 weeks of BWL and 17 women who received no intervention. Participants were scanned twice using functional magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and 12 weeks. Weight was assessed at baseline, 12, 36, and 60 weeks.<h4>Results</h4>B ...[more]

PMID: 27804228

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Antipsychotic-treated youth have increased risk for the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Behavioral weight loss treatments show promise in reducing obesity and diabetes risk in antipsychotic treated adults, but have received no study in antipsychotic treated youth. OBJECTIVE:We describe a rationale for behavioral weight loss interventions in high-weight antipsychotic treated youth, and report behavioral, anthropomorphic, and metabolic findings from a case series of obese antipsychotic-treated adolescents participating in a short-term, family-based behavioral weight loss intervention. METHODS:We adapted the Traffic Light Plan, a 16-week family-based weight loss intervention that promotes healthy energy balance using the colors of the traffic light to categorize the nutritional value of foods and intensity of physical activity, adapting a social ecological framework to address health behavior change in multiple social contexts. The intervention was administered to three obese adolescents with long-term antipsychotic medication exposure. Efficacy of the intervention was evaluated with a battery of anthropomorphic and metabolic assessments including weight, body mass index percentile, whole body adiposity, liver fat content, and fasting plasma glucose and lipids. Participants and their parents also filled out a treatment satisfaction questionnaire upon study completion. RESULTS:Two males and 1 female (all aged 14 years) participated. All 3 participants attended all 16 sessions, and experienced beneficial changes in adiposity, fasting lipids and liver fat content associated with weight stabilization or weight loss. Adolescents and their parents all reported a high level of satisfaction with the treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Family-based behavioral weight loss treatment can be feasibly delivered and is acceptable to antipsychotic-treated youth and their families. Randomized controlled trials are needed to fully evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of behavioral weight loss interventions in antipsychotic treated youth and their families.

Project description:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Despite the effectiveness of bariatric surgery, there is still substantial variability in long-term weight outcomes and few factors with predictive power to explain this variability. Neuroimaging may provide a novel biomarker with utility beyond other commonly used variables in bariatric surgery trials to improve prediction of long-term weight-loss outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on reward and cognitive control circuitry postsurgery and determine the extent to which baseline brain activity predicts weight loss at 12-month postsurgery. SUBJECTS/METHODS:Using a longitudinal design, behavioral, hormone and neuroimaging data (during a desire for palatable food regulation paradigm) were collected from 18 patients undergoing SG at baseline (<1 month prior) and 12-month post-SG. RESULTS:SG patients lost an average of 29.0% of their weight (percentage of total weight loss (%TWL)) at 12-month post-SG, with significant variability (range: 16.0-43.5%). Maladaptive eating behaviors (uncontrolled, emotional and externally cued eating) improved (P<0.01), in parallel with reductions in fasting hormones (acyl ghrelin, leptin, glucose, insulin; P<0.05). Brain activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), caudate, pallidum and amygdala during desire for palatable food enhancement vs regulation decreased from baseline to 12 months (P (family-wise error (FWE))<0.05). Dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex activity during desire for palatable food regulation (vs enhancement) increased from baseline to 12 months (P(FWE)<0.05). Baseline activity in the NAcc and hypothalamus during desire for palatable food enhancement was significantly predictive of %TWL at 12 months (P (FWE)<0.05), superior to behavioral and hormone predictors, which did not significantly predict %TWL (P>0.10). Using stepwise linear regression, left NAcc activity accounted for 54% of the explained variance in %TWL at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS:Consistent with previous obesity studies, reward-related neural circuit activity may serve as an objective, relatively robust predictor of postsurgery weight loss. Replication in larger studies is necessary to determine true effect sizes for outcome prediction.

Dataset Information

Genetic and neural predictors of behavioral weight loss treatment: A preliminary study.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Genetic and neural predictors of behavioral weight loss treatment: A preliminary study.

Similar Datasets

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