Dataset Information

Leptomeningeal gadolinium enhancement across the spectrum of chronic neuroinflammatory diseases.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To assess the prevalence and the specificity of leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on postcontrast T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI in multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to a variety of inflammatory and noninflammatory neurologic conditions assessed in 2 academic research hospitals.

Methods

On 3T postcontrast T2-FLAIR images, the presence of focal gadolinium enhancement was evaluated in the leptomeningeal compartment in 254 people with non-MS neurologic conditions or neurotropic viral infections. Based on their clinical diagnosis, patients were grouped as follows: (1) other-than-MS inflammatory neurologic diseases; (2) noninflammatory neurologic diseases; (3) human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-infected; (4) HIV-infected; (5) healthy volunteers.

Results

LME was detected in 56/254 non-MS cases (22%) vs 74/299 (25%) of MS cases. LME was nearly 4-fold more frequent in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions (18/51 cases, 35%) than in noninflammatory neurologic conditions (3/38, 8%) and healthy volunteers (5/66, 8%). The highest prevalence of LME was detected in HTLV infection (17/38 cases, 45%), particularly in the setting of HTLV-associated myelopathy (14/25 cases, 56%). LME also frequently occurred in HIV infection (13/61 cases, 21%). Unlike in MS, LME is not associated with lower brain and cortical volumes in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions, including HTLV and HIV infection.

Conclusions

Despite its relevance to MS pathogenesis and cortical pathology, LME is not specific to MS, occurring frequently in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions and especially in those patients with HTLV-associated myelopathy. Overall, this strengthens the notion that LME localizes inflammation-related focal disruption of the blood-meninges barrier and associated scarring.

SUBMITTER: Absinta M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5386437 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Leptomeningeal gadolinium enhancement across the spectrum of chronic neuroinflammatory diseases.

Absinta Martina M Cortese Irene C M IC Vuolo Luisa L Nair Govind G de Alwis Manori P MP Ohayon Joan J Meani Alessandro A Martinelli Vittorio V Scotti Roberta R Falini Andrea A Smith Bryan R BR Nath Avindra A Jacobson Steven S Filippi Massimo M Reich Daniel S DS

Neurology 20170310 15

<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the prevalence and the specificity of leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on postcontrast T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI in multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to a variety of inflammatory and noninflammatory neurologic conditions assessed in 2 academic research hospitals.<h4>Methods</h4>On 3T postcontrast T2-FLAIR images, the presence of focal gadolinium enhancement was evaluated in the leptomeningeal compartment in 254 people with non-MS neurologic con ...[more]

PMID: 28283598

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Dataset Information

Leptomeningeal gadolinium enhancement across the spectrum of chronic neuroinflammatory diseases.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Leptomeningeal gadolinium enhancement across the spectrum of chronic neuroinflammatory diseases.

Similar Datasets

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