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Plasma Cytokines and Chemokines in Zambian Children With Measles: Innate Responses and Association With HIV-1 Coinfection and In-Hospital Mortality.

ABSTRACT: To identify immune factors present during the acute rash phase of measles and associations with outcome and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coinfection, we measured the plasma levels of 22 cytokines and chemokines in Zambian children hospitalized with measles (n = 148) and control children (n = 44). Children with measles had higher levels of innate cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ?, interleukin 1? (IL-1?), interleukin 18, and interleukin 6; chemokines CCL2, CCL4, CCL11, CCL22, CXCL8, and CXCL10; and T-cell cytokines interferon ?, and interleukin 2, 10, and 17. Children who died in the hospital had higher levels of TNF-?, IL-1?, interleukin 12p70; CCL2, CCL4, CCL13, CCL17, CXCL8, CXCL10; and interleukin 2 and interferon ? than children who survived, and lower levels of interleukin 4. Children coinfected with HIV-1 had higher levels of TNF-? and IL-1? than HIV-uninfected children with measles, and lower levels of interleukin 4 and 5. Therefore, acute measles was characterized by activation of macrophages and T cells producing type 1, but not type 2, cytokines, which was more pronounced in fatal disease.

SUBMITTER: Lin WW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5388292 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Plasma Cytokines and Chemokines in Zambian Children With Measles: Innate Responses and Association With HIV-1 Coinfection and In-Hospital Mortality.

Lin Wen-Hsuan W WW Nelson Ashley N AN Ryon Judith J JJ Moss William J WJ Griffin Diane E DE

The Journal of infectious diseases 20170301 5

To identify immune factors present during the acute rash phase of measles and associations with outcome and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coinfection, we measured the plasma levels of 22 cytokines and chemokines in Zambian children hospitalized with measles (n = 148) and control children (n = 44). Children with measles had higher levels of innate cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 18, and interleukin 6; chemokines CCL2, CCL4, CCL11, CCL22, ...[more]

PMID: 28119485

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Project description:BackgroundMalaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with over one million deaths annually, particularly in children under five years. This study was the first to examine plasma cytokines, chemokines and cellular immune responses in pre-school Nigerian children infected with Plasmodium falciparum from four semi-urban villages near Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.MethodsBlood was obtained from 231 children (aged 39-73 months) who were classified according to mean P. falciparum density per μl of blood (uninfected (n = 89), low density (<1,000, n = 51), medium density (1,000-10,000, n = 65) and high density (>10,000, n = 22)). IL-12p70, IL-10, Nitric oxide, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-17, IL-4 and TGF-β, C-C chemokine RANTES, MMP-8 and TIMP-1 were measured in plasma. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained and examined markers of innate immune cells (CD14, CD36, CD56, CD54, CD11c AND HLA-DR). T-cell sub-populations (CD4, CD3 and γδTCR) were intracellularly stained for IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF following polyclonal stimulation or stimulated with malaria parasites. Ascaris lumbricoides was endemic in these villages and all data were analysed taking into account the potential impact of bystander helminth infection. All data were analysed using SPSS 15 for windows and in all tests, p <0.05 was deemed significant.ResultsThe level of P. falciparum parasitaemia was positively associated with plasma IL-10 and negatively associated with IL-12p70. The percentage of monocytes was significantly decreased in malaria-infected individuals while malaria parasitaemia was positively associated with increasing percentages of CD54+, CD11c+ and CD56+ cell populations. No association was observed in cytokine expression in mitogen-activated T-cell populations between groups and no malaria specific immune responses were detected. Although A. lumbricoides is endemic in these villages, an analysis of the data showed no impact of this helminth infection on P. falciparum parasitaemia or on immune responses associated with P. falciparum infection.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that Nigerian children infected with P. falciparum exhibit immune responses associated with active malaria infection and these responses were positively associated with increased P. falciparum parasitaemia.

Dataset Information

Plasma Cytokines and Chemokines in Zambian Children With Measles: Innate Responses and Association With HIV-1 Coinfection and In-Hospital Mortality.

Publications

Plasma Cytokines and Chemokines in Zambian Children With Measles: Innate Responses and Association With HIV-1 Coinfection and In-Hospital Mortality.

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