Dataset Information

Urinary Concentrations of Insecticide and Herbicide Metabolites among Pregnant Women in Rural Ghana: A Pilot Study.

ABSTRACT: Use of pesticides by households in rural Ghana is common for residential pest control, agricultural use, and for the reduction of vectors carrying disease. However, few data are available about exposure to pesticides among this population. Our objective was to quantify urinary concentrations of metabolites of organophosphate (OP), pyrethroid, and select herbicides during pregnancy, and to explore exposure determinants. In 2014, 17 pregnant women from rural Ghana were surveyed about household pesticide use and provided weekly first morning urine voids during three visits (n = 51 samples). A total of 90.1% (46/51) of samples had detectable OP metabolites [geometric mean, GM (95% CI): 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol 0.54 µg/L (0.36-0.81), para-nitrophenol 0.71 µg/L (0.51-1.00)], 75.5% (37/49) had detectable pyrethroid metabolites [GM: 3-phenoxybenzoic acid 0.23 µg/L (0.17, 0.32)], and 70.5% (36/51) had detectable 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid levels, a herbicide [GM: 0.46 µg/L (0.29-0.73)]. Concentrations of para-nitrophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in Ghanaian pregnant women appear higher when compared to nonpregnant reproductive-aged women in a reference U.S.Larger studies are necessary to more fully explore predictors of exposure in this population.

SUBMITTER: Wylie BJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5409555 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Urinary Concentrations of Insecticide and Herbicide Metabolites among Pregnant Women in Rural Ghana: A Pilot Study.

Wylie Blair J BJ Ae-Ngibise Kenneth A KA Boamah Ellen A EA Mujtaba Mohammed M Messerlian Carmen C Hauser Russ R Coull Brent B Calafat Antonia M AM Jack Darby D Kinney Patrick L PL Whyatt Robin R Owusu-Agyei Seth S Asante Kwaku P KP

International journal of environmental research and public health 20170329 4

Use of pesticides by households in rural Ghana is common for residential pest control, agricultural use, and for the reduction of vectors carrying disease. However, few data are available about exposure to pesticides among this population. Our objective was to quantify urinary concentrations of metabolites of organophosphate (OP), pyrethroid, and select herbicides during pregnancy, and to explore exposure determinants. In 2014, 17 pregnant women from rural Ghana were surveyed about household pes ...[more]

PMID: 28353657

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Project description:BACKGROUND:More than 75% of the population in Ghana relies on biomass fuels for cooking and heating. Household air pollution (HAP) emitted from the incomplete combustion of these fuels has been associated with adverse health effects including respiratory effects in women that can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a major contributor to global HAP-related mortality. HAP is a modifiable risk factor in the global burden of disease, exposure to which can be reduced. OBJECTIVE:This study assessed the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, as well as associations between respiratory symptoms and HAP exposure, as measured using continuous personal carbon monoxide (CO), in nonsmoking pregnant women in rural Ghana. METHODS:We analyzed current respiratory health symptoms and CO exposures upon enrollment in a subset (n = 840) of the population of pregnant women cooking with biomass fuels and enrolled in the GRAPHS randomized clinical control trial. Personal CO was measured using Lascar continuous monitors. Associations between CO concentrations as well as other sources of pollution exposures and respiratory health symptoms were estimated using logistic regression models. CONCLUSION:There was a positive association between CO exposure per 1 ppm increase and a composite respiratory symptom score of current cough (lasting >5 days), wheeze and/or dyspnea (OR: 1.2, p = 0.03). CO was also positively associated with wheeze (OR: 1.3, p = 0.05), phlegm (OR: 1.2, p = 0.08) and reported clinic visit for respiratory infection in past 4 weeks (OR: 1.2, p = 0.09). Multivariate models showed significant associations between second-hand tobacco smoke and a composite outcome (OR: 2.1, p < 0.01) as well as individual outcomes of cough >5 days (OR: 3.1, p = 0.01), wheeze (OR: 2.7, p < 0.01) and dyspnea (OR: 2.2, p = 0.01). Other covariates found to be significantly associated with respiratory outcomes include involvement in charcoal production business and dyspnea, and involvement in burning grass/field and wheeze. Results suggest that exposure to HAP increases the risk of adverse respiratory symptoms among pregnant women using biomass fuels for cooking in rural Ghana.

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Dataset Information

Urinary Concentrations of Insecticide and Herbicide Metabolites among Pregnant Women in Rural Ghana: A Pilot Study.

Publications

Urinary Concentrations of Insecticide and Herbicide Metabolites among Pregnant Women in Rural Ghana: A Pilot Study.

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