Dataset Information

Suppression of CINNAMOYL-CoA REDUCTASE increases the level of monolignol ferulates incorporated into maize lignins.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The cell wall polymer lignin provides structural support and rigidity to plant cell walls, and therefore to the plant body. However, the recalcitrance associated with lignin impedes the extraction of polysaccharides from the cell wall to make plant-based biofuels and biomaterials. The cell wall digestibility can be improved by introducing labile ester bonds into the lignin backbone that can be easily broken under mild base treatment at room temperature. The FERULOYL-CoA MONOLIGNOL TRANSFERASE (FMT) enzyme, which may be naturally found in many plants, uses feruloyl-CoA and monolignols to synthesize the ester-linked monolignol ferulate conjugates. A mutation in the first lignin-specific biosynthetic enzyme, CINNAMOYL-CoA REDUCTASE (CCR), results in an increase in the intracellular pool of feruloyl-CoA. RESULTS:Maize (Zea mays) has a native putative FMT enzyme, and its ccr mutants produce an increased pool of feruloyl-CoA that can be used for conversion to monolignol ferulate conjugates. The decreased lignin content and monomers did not, however, impact the plant growth or biomass. The increase in monolignol conjugates correlated with an improvement in the digestibility of maize stem rind tissue. CONCLUSIONS:Together, increased monolignol ferulates and improved digestibility in ccr1 mutant plants suggests that they may be superior biofuel crops.

SUBMITTER: Smith RA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5414125 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Suppression of <i>CINNAMOYL</i>-<i>CoA REDUCTASE</i> increases the level of monolignol ferulates incorporated into maize lignins.

Smith Rebecca A RA Cass Cynthia L CL Mazaheri Mona M Sekhon Rajandeep S RS Heckwolf Marlies M Kaeppler Heidi H de Leon Natalia N Mansfield Shawn D SD Kaeppler Shawn M SM Sedbrook John C JC Karlen Steven D SD Ralph John J

Biotechnology for biofuels 20170502

<h4>Background</h4>The cell wall polymer lignin provides structural support and rigidity to plant cell walls, and therefore to the plant body. However, the recalcitrance associated with lignin impedes the extraction of polysaccharides from the cell wall to make plant-based biofuels and biomaterials. The cell wall digestibility can be improved by introducing labile ester bonds into the lignin backbone that can be easily broken under mild base treatment at room temperature. The FERULOYL-CoA MONOLI ...[more]

PMID: 28469705

Similar Datasets

Project description:Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) is the first committed enzyme in the monolignol pathway for lignin biosynthesis and catalyzes the conversion of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs into hydroxycinnamaldehydes. In the rice genome, 33 genes are annotated as CCR and CCR-like genes, collectively called OsCCRs. To elucidate the functions of OsCCRs, their phylogenetic relationships, expression patterns at the transcription levels and biochemical characteristics were thoroughly analyzed. Of the 33 OsCCRs, 24 of them encoded polypeptides of lengths similar to those of previously identified plant CCRs. The other nine OsCCRs had much shorter peptide lengths. Phylogenetic tree and sequence similarities suggested OsCCR4, 5, 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21 as likely candidates for functional CCRs in rice. To elucidate biochemical functions, OsCCR1, 5, 17, 19, 20, 21, and 26 were heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and the resulting recombinant OsCCRs were purified to apparent homogeneity. Activity assays of the recombinant OsCCRs with hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs revealed that OsCCR17, 19, 20, and 21 were biochemically active CCRs, in which the NAD(P)-binding and NADP-specificity motifs as well as the CCR signature motif were fully conserved. The kinetic parameters of enzyme reactions revealed that feruloyl-CoA, a precursor for the guaiacyl (G)-unit of lignin, is the most preferred substrate of OsCCR20 and 21. This result is consistent with a high content (about 70%) of G-units in rice lignins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that OsCCR19 and 20 were grouped with other plant CCRs involved in developmental lignification, whereas OsCCR17 and 21 were closely related to stress-responsible CCRs identified from other plant species. In agreement with the phylogenetic analysis, expression analysis demonstrated that OsCCR20 was constitutively expressed throughout the developmental stages of rice, showing particularly high expression levels in actively lignifying tissues, such as roots and stems. These results suggest that OsCCR20 is primarily involved in developmental deposition of lignins in secondary cell walls. As expected, the expressions of OsCCR17 and 21 were induced in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, such as Magnaporthe grisea and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infections, UV-irradiation and high salinity, suggesting that these genes play a role in defense-related processes in rice.

Dataset Information

Suppression of CINNAMOYL-CoA REDUCTASE increases the level of monolignol ferulates incorporated into maize lignins.

Publications

Suppression of <i>CINNAMOYL</i>-<i>CoA REDUCTASE</i> increases the level of monolignol ferulates incorporated into maize lignins.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets