Dataset Information

Ketoanalogues supplementation decreases dialysis and mortality risk in patients with anemic advanced chronic kidney disease.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The benefit of alpha-Ketoanalogues (KA) supplementation for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients that followed low-protein diet (LPD) remains undetermined.

Methods

We extracted longitudinal data for all CKD patients in the Taiwan National Health Insurance from January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2010. A total of 1483 patients with anemic advanced CKD treated with LPD, who started KA supplementation, were enrolled in this study. We analyzed the risks of end stage renal disease and all-cause mortality using Cox proportional hazard models with influential drugs as time-dependent variables.

Results

A total of 1113 events of initiating long-term dialysis and 1228 events of the composite outcome of long-term dialysis or death occurred in patients with advanced CKD after a mean follow-up of 1.57 years. Data analysis suggests KA supplementation is associated with a lower risk for long-term dialysis and the composite outcome when daily dosage is more than 5.5 tablets. The beneficial effect was consistent in subgroup analysis, independent of age, sex, and comorbidities.

Conclusions

Among advanced CKD patients that followed LPD, KA supplementation at an appropriate dosage may substantially reduce the risk of initiating long-term dialysis or of developing the composite outcome. KA supplementation represents an additional therapeutic strategy to slow the progression of CKD.

SUBMITTER: Wu CH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5419544 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Ketoanalogues supplementation decreases dialysis and mortality risk in patients with anemic advanced chronic kidney disease.

Wu Che-Hsiung CH Yang Ya-Wen YW Hung Szu-Chun SC Kuo Ko-Lin KL Wu Kwan-Dun KD Wu Vin-Cent VC Hsieh Tsung-Cheng TC

PloS one 20170505 5

<h4>Background</h4>The benefit of alpha-Ketoanalogues (KA) supplementation for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients that followed low-protein diet (LPD) remains undetermined.<h4>Methods</h4>We extracted longitudinal data for all CKD patients in the Taiwan National Health Insurance from January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2010. A total of 1483 patients with anemic advanced CKD treated with LPD, who started KA supplementation, were enrolled in this study. We analyzed the risks of end stage renal ...[more]

PMID: 28475591

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Project description:BackgroundPatients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and kidney transplants (KT) are at an elevated risk for COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and mortality. A comprehensive comparison of morbidity and mortality between these populations with kidney disease and individuals without any kidney disease is lacking.MethodsWe analysed the 2020 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for non-elective adult COVID-19 hospitalizations, categorizing patients into advanced CKD, ESKD, KT, and kidney disease-free cohorts. Our analysis included a description of the distribution of comorbidities across the entire spectrum of CKD, ESKD, and KT. Additionally, we investigated in-hospital mortality, morbidity, and resource utilization, adjusting for potential confounders through multivariable regression models.ResultsThe study included 1,018,915 adults hospitalized for COVID-19 in 2020. The incidence of advanced CKD, ESKD, and KT in this cohort was 5.8%, 3.8%, and 0.4%, respectively. Patients with advanced CKD, ESKD, and KT exhibited higher multimorbidity burdens, with 90.3%, 91.0%, and 75.2% of patients in each group having a Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) equal to or greater than 3. The all-cause in-hospital mortality ranged from 9.3% in kidney disease-free patients to 20.6% in advanced CKD, 19.4% in ESKD, and 12.4% in KT patients. After adjusting for potential confounders at both the patient and hospital levels, CKD stages 3-5; ESKD; and KT were found to be associated with increased odds of mortality, with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of 1.34, 1.80, 2.66, 1.97, and 1.69, respectively.ConclusionPatients hospitalized for COVID-19 with advanced CKD, ESKD, or KT demonstrated a higher burden of comorbidities and increased mortality rates compared to those without kidney disease. After adjusting for confounders, CKD stages 3-5; ESKD; and KT were identified as independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality, illustrating a dose-response relationship between the odds of mortality and adverse outcomes as CKD progressed from stages 3 to 5. Our study highlights the necessity for enhanced management of comorbidities, targeted interventions, and vigorous vaccination efforts to mitigate the risk of adverse outcomes in the vulnerable populations of patients with CKD, ESKD, and KT.

Project description:ObjectiveTo identify the optimal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at which to initiate dialysis in people with advanced chronic kidney disease.DesignNationwide observational cohort study.SettingNational Swedish Renal Registry of patients referred to nephrologists.ParticipantsPatients had a baseline eGFR between 10 and 20 mL/min/1.73 m2 and were included between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2016, with follow-up until 1 June 2017.Main outcome measuresThe strict design criteria of a clinical trial were mimicked by using the cloning, censoring, and weighting method to eliminate immortal time bias, lead time bias, and survivor bias. A dynamic marginal structural model was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios and absolute risks for five year all cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke) for 15 dialysis initiation strategies with eGFR values between 4 and 19 mL/min/1.73 m2 in increments of 1 mL/min/1.73 m2. An eGFR between 6 and 7 mL/min/1.73 m2 (eGFR6-7) was taken as the reference.ResultsAmong 10 290 incident patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (median age 73 years; 3739 (36%) women; median eGFR 16.8 mL/min/1.73 m2), 3822 started dialysis, 4160 died, and 2446 had a major adverse cardiovascular event. A parabolic relation was observed for mortality, with the lowest risk for eGFR15-16. Compared with dialysis initiation at eGFR6-7, initiation at eGFR15-16 was associated with a 5.1% (95% confidence interval 2.5% to 6.9%) lower absolute five year mortality risk and 2.9% (0.2% to 5.5%) lower risk of a major adverse cardiovascular event, corresponding to hazard ratios of 0.89 (95% confidence interval 0.87 to 0.92) and 0.94 (0.91 to 0.98), respectively. This 5.1% absolute risk difference corresponded to a mean postponement of death of 1.6 months over five years of follow-up. However, dialysis would need to be started four years earlier. When emulating the intended strategies of the Initiating Dialysis Early and Late (IDEAL) trial (eGFR10-14 v eGFR5-7) and the achieved eGFRs in IDEAL (eGFR7-10 v eGFR5-7), hazard ratios for all cause mortality were 0.96 (0.94 to 0.99) and 0.97 (0.94 to 1.00), respectively, which are congruent with the findings of the randomised IDEAL trial.ConclusionsVery early initiation of dialysis was associated with a modest reduction in mortality and cardiovascular events. For most patients, such a reduction may not outweigh the burden of a substantially longer period spent on dialysis.

Project description:Background In participants with concomitant chronic coronary disease and advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), the effect of treatment strategies on the timing of dialysis initiation is not well characterized. Methods and Results In ISCHEMIA-CKD (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches-Chronic Kidney Disease), 777 participants with advanced CKD and moderate or severe ischemia were randomized to either an initial invasive or conservative management strategy. Herein, we compare the proportion of randomized participants with non-dialysis-requiring CKD at baseline (n=362) who initiated dialysis and compare the time to dialysis initiation between invasive versus conservative management arms. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, we also sought to identify the effect of invasive versus conservative chronic coronary disease management strategies on dialysis initiation. At a median follow-up of 23 months (25th-75th interquartile range, 14-32 months), dialysis was initiated in 18.9% of participants (36/190) in the invasive strategy and 16.9% of participants (29/172) in the conservative strategy (P=0.22). The median time to dialysis initiation was 6.0 months (interquartile range, 3.0-16.0 months) in the invasive group and 18.2 months (interquartile range, 12.2-25.0 months) in the conservative group (P=0.004), with no difference in procedural acute kidney injury rates between the groups (7.8% versus 5.4%; P=0.26). Baseline clinical factors associated with earlier dialysis initiation were lower baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (hazard ratio [HR] associated with 5-unit decrease, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.72-2.56]; P<0.001), diabetes (HR, 2.30 [95% CI, 1.28-4.13]; P=0.005), hypertension (HR, 7.97 [95% CI, 1.09-58.21]; P=0.041), and Hispanic ethnicity (HR, 2.34 [95% CI, 1.22-4.47]; P=0.010). Conclusions In participants with non-dialysis-requiring CKD in ISCHEMIA-CKD, randomization to an invasive chronic coronary disease management strategy (relative to a conservative chronic coronary disease management strategy) is associated with an accelerated time to initiation of maintenance dialysis for kidney failure. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01985360.

Dataset Information

Ketoanalogues supplementation decreases dialysis and mortality risk in patients with anemic advanced chronic kidney disease.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Ketoanalogues supplementation decreases dialysis and mortality risk in patients with anemic advanced chronic kidney disease.

Similar Datasets

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