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Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (-)-trans-?⁹- Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: With laws changing around the world regarding the legal status of Cannabis sativa (cannabis) it is important to develop objective classification systems that help explain the chemical variation found among various cultivars. Currently cannabis cultivars are named using obscure and inconsistent nomenclature. Terpenoids, responsible for the aroma of cannabis, are a useful group of compounds for distinguishing cannabis cultivars with similar cannabinoid content. Methods: In this study we analyzed terpenoid content of cannabis samples obtained from a single medical cannabis dispensary in California over the course of a year. Terpenoids were quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and peak identification was confirmed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Quantitative data from 16 major terpenoids were analyzed using hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Results: A total of 233 samples representing 30 cultivars were used to develop a classification scheme based on quantitative data, HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA. Initially cultivars were divided into five major groups, which were subdivided into 13 classes based on differences in terpenoid profile. Different classification models were compared with PLS-DA and found to perform best when many representative samples of a particular class were included. Conclusion: A hierarchy of terpenoid chemotypes was observed in the data set. Some cultivars fit into distinct chemotypes, whereas others seemed to represent a continuum of chemotypes. This study has demonstrated an approach to classifying cannabis cultivars based on terpenoid profile.

SUBMITTER: Fischedick JT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5436332 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (-)-trans-Δ9- Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars.

Fischedick Justin T JT

Cannabis and cannabinoid research 20170301 1

Introduction: With laws changing around the world regarding the legal status of Cannabis sativa (cannabis) it is important to develop objective classification systems that help explain the chemical variation found among various cultivars. Currently cannabis cultivars are named using obscure and inconsistent nomenclature. Terpenoids, responsible for the aroma of cannabis, are a useful group of compounds for distinguishing cannabis cultivars with similar cannabinoid content. Metho ...[more]

PMID: 28861503

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Project description:Cultivation of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in tropical and subtropical regions can be challenging if the flowering behavior of a given cultivar is unknown, poorly understood, or not accurately selected for the photoperiod. Identifying cultivars adapted to local environmental conditions is key to optimizing hemp vegetative and flowering performance. We investigated the effects of varying light cycles in regulating extension growth and flowering response of 15 essential oil and 12 fiber/grain hemp cultivars both indoors and outdoors. Plants were subjected to 11 photoperiods in the controlled rooms ranging from 12 to 18 h, and natural day length in the field. The critical photoperiod threshold was identified for seven essential oil cultivars and two fiber/grain cultivars. "Cherry Wine-CC," "PUMA-3," and "PUMA-4" had the shortest critical day length between 13 h 45 min and 14 h. The flowering of essential oil cultivars was generally delayed by 1-2 days when the photoperiod exceeded 13 h compared with 12 h, and flowering was further delayed by 7-8 days when the photoperiod exceeded 14 h. In fiber/grain cultivars, flowering was generally delayed by 1-3 days when the day length exceeded 14 h. Flowering for most essential oil cultivars was delayed by 5-13 days under a 14-h photoperiod compared with 13 h 45 min, suggesting a photoperiod difference as little as 15 min can significantly influence the floral initiation of some essential oil cultivars. Cultivars represented by the same name but acquired from different sources can perform differently under the same environmental conditions, suggesting genetic variation among cultivars with the same name. Average days to flower of fiber/grain cultivars was correlated with reported cultivar origin, with faster flowering occurring among northern cultivars when compared with southern cultivars. Plant height generally increased as the day length increased in essential oil cultivars but was not affected in fiber/grain cultivars. In addition, civil twilight of ~2 μmol·m-2·s-1 was discovered to be biologically effective in regulating hemp flowering. Collectively, we conclude that most of the essential oil cultivars and some southern fiber/grain cultivars tested express suitable photoperiods for tropical and sub-tropical region cultivation.

Dataset Information

Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (-)-trans-?⁹- Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars.

Publications

Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (-)-<i>trans</i>-Δ<sup>9</sup>- Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Cultivars.

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Dataset Information

Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (-)-trans-?9- Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars.

Publications

Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (-)-<i>trans</i>-Δ<sup>9</sup>- Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Cultivars.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (-)-trans-?⁹- Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars.