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Influence of storage temperature and low-temperature conditioning on the levels of health-promoting compounds in Rio Red grapefruit.

ABSTRACT: Commercial operations use low-temperature conditioning of citrus fruits to reduce the incidence of chilling injury (CI) during cold storage and quarantine treatments. Rio Red grapefruits (Citrus paradisi Macf) were stored for 12 weeks at 11°C or 5°C; an additional set was temperature conditioned at 16°C for 7 days before storing at 5°C (CD). Every 3 weeks, samples were assessed for chilling injury (CI) and health-promoting compounds such as ascorbic acid, carotenoids, limonoids, flavonoids, and furocoumarins. Low-temperature conditioning significantly reduced CI but did not affect the total soluble solids, acidity, and ripening ratio. After 12 weeks of storage, grapefruits showed no significant differences in lycopene, narirutin, poncirin, furocoumarins, and radical scavenging activity in all the three treatments. Limonin was significantly higher (p < .05) in CD fruits, nomilin was significantly higher in fruits stored at 11°C, whereas fruits stored at 5°C had lower levels of naringin, neohesperidin, and didymin after 12 weeks of storage. Low-temperature conditioning treatment helped fruits to retain similar or higher levels of most of the health-promoting compounds by the end of storage period while maintaining better quality than the nonconditioned fruits.

SUBMITTER: Chaudhary PR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5448389 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Influence of storage temperature and low-temperature conditioning on the levels of health-promoting compounds in Rio Red grapefruit.

Chaudhary Priyanka R PR Yu Xiang X Jayaprakasha Guddadarangavvanahally K GK Patil Bhimanagouda S BS

Food science & nutrition 20161002 3

Commercial operations use low-temperature conditioning of citrus fruits to reduce the incidence of chilling injury (CI) during cold storage and quarantine treatments. Rio Red grapefruits (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf) were stored for 12 weeks at 11°C or 5°C; an additional set was temperature conditioned at 16°C for 7 days before storing at 5°C (CD). Every 3 weeks, samples were assessed for chilling injury (CI) and health-promoting compounds such as ascorbic acid, carotenoids, limonoids, flavonoid ...[more]

PMID: 28572940

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Project description:Loss of motivation and learning impairments are commonly accepted core symptoms of psychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. Reward-motivated learning is dependent on the hippocampal formation but the molecular mechanisms that lead to functional incentive motivation in this brain region are still largely unknown. Recent evidence implicates neurotransmission via metabotropic glutamate receptors and Homer1, their interaction partner in the postsynaptic density, in drug addiction and motivational learning. As previous reports mainly focused on the prefrontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens, we now investigated the role of hippocampal Homer1 in operant reward learning in the present study. We therefore tested either Homer1 knockout mice or mice that overexpress Homer1 in the hippocampus in an operant conditioning paradigm. Our results show that deletion of Homer1 leads to a diverging phenotype that either displays an inability to perform the task or outstanding hyperactivity in both learning and motivational sessions. Due to the apparent bimodal distribution of this phenotype, the overall effect of Homer1 deletion in this paradigm is not significantly altered. Overexpression of hippocampal Homer1 did not lead to a significantly altered learning performance in any stage of the testing paradigm, yet may subtly contribute to emerging motivational deficits. Our results indicate an involvement of Homer1-mediated signaling in the hippocampus in motivation-based learning tasks and encourage further investigations regarding the specific molecular underpinnings of the phenotypes observed in this study. We also suggest to cautiously interpret the results of this and other studies regarding the phenotype following Homer1 manipulations in animals, since their behavioral phenotype appears to be highly diverse. Future studies would benefit from larger group sizes that would allow splitting the experimental groups in responders and non-responders.

Dataset Information

Influence of storage temperature and low-temperature conditioning on the levels of health-promoting compounds in Rio Red grapefruit.

Publications

Influence of storage temperature and low-temperature conditioning on the levels of health-promoting compounds in Rio Red grapefruit.

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