Dataset Information

Receptivity to Tobacco Advertising and Susceptibility to Tobacco Products.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

Non-cigarette tobacco marketing is less regulated and may promote cigarette smoking among adolescents. We quantified receptivity to advertising for multiple tobacco products and hypothesized associations with susceptibility to cigarette smoking.

Methods

Wave 1 of the nationally representative PATH (Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health) study interviewed 10?751 adolescents who had never used tobacco. A stratified random selection of 5 advertisements for each of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, smokeless products, and cigars were shown from 959 recent tobacco advertisements. Aided recall was classified as low receptivity, and image-liking or favorite ad as higher receptivity. The main dependent variable was susceptibility to cigarette smoking.

Results

Among US youth, 41% of 12 to 13 year olds and half of older adolescents were receptive to at least 1 tobacco advertisement. Across each age group, receptivity to advertising was highest for e-cigarettes (28%-33%) followed by cigarettes (22%-25%), smokeless tobacco (15%-21%), and cigars (8%-13%). E-cigarette ads shown on television had the highest recall. Among cigarette-susceptible adolescents, receptivity to e-cigarette advertising (39.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 37.9%-41.6%) was higher than for cigarette advertising (31.7%; 95% CI: 29.9%-33.6%). Receptivity to advertising for each tobacco product was associated with increased susceptibility to cigarette smoking, with no significant difference across products (similar odds for both cigarette and e-cigarette advertising; adjusted odds ratio = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.09-1.37).

Conclusions

A large proportion of US adolescent never tobacco users are receptive to tobacco advertising, with television advertising for e-cigarettes having the highest recall. Receptivity to advertising for each non-cigarette tobacco product was associated with susceptibility to smoke cigarettes.

SUBMITTER: Pierce JP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5470502 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Receptivity to Tobacco Advertising and Susceptibility to Tobacco Products.

Pierce John P JP Sargent James D JD White Martha M MM Borek Nicolette N Portnoy David B DB Green Victoria R VR Kaufman Annette R AR Stanton Cassandra A CA Bansal-Travers Maansi M Strong David R DR Pearson Jennifer L JL Coleman Blair N BN Leas Eric E Noble Madison L ML Trinidad Dennis R DR Moran Meghan B MB Carusi Charles C Hyland Andrew A Messer Karen K

Pediatrics 20170601 6

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Non-cigarette tobacco marketing is less regulated and may promote cigarette smoking among adolescents. We quantified receptivity to advertising for multiple tobacco products and hypothesized associations with susceptibility to cigarette smoking.<h4>Methods</h4>Wave 1 of the nationally representative PATH (Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health) study interviewed 10 751 adolescents who had never used tobacco. A stratified random selection of 5 advertisements ...[more]

PMID: 28562266

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Project description:ImportanceCigarette marketing contributes to initiation of cigarette smoking among young people, which has led to restrictions on use of cigarette advertising. However, little is known about other tobacco advertising and progression to tobacco use in youth and young adults.ObjectiveTo investigate whether receptivity to tobacco advertising among youth and young adults is associated with progression (being a susceptible never user or ever user) to use of the product advertised, as well as conventional cigarette smoking.Design, setting, and participantsThe Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study at wave 1 (2013-2014) and 1-year follow-up at wave 2 (2014-2015) was conducted in a US population-based sample of never tobacco users aged 12 to 24 years from wave 1 of the PATH Study (N = 10 989). Household interviews using audio computer-assisted self-interviews were conducted.ExposuresAdvertising for conventional cigarettes, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), cigars, and smokeless tobacco products at wave 1.Main outcomes and measuresProgression to susceptibility or ever tobacco use at 1-year follow-up in wave 2.ResultsOf the 10 989 participants (5410 male [weighted percentage, 48.3%]; 5579 female [weighted percentage, 51.7%]), receptivity to any tobacco advertising at wave 1 was high for those aged 12 to 14 years (44.0%; 95% confidence limit [CL], 42.6%-45.4%) but highest for those aged 18 to 21 years (68.7%; 95% CL, 64.9%-72.2%). e-Cigarette advertising had the highest receptivity among all age groups. For those aged 12 to 17 years, susceptibility to use a product at wave 1 was significantly associated with product use at wave 2 for conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco products. Among committed never users aged 12 to 17 years at wave 1, any receptivity was associated with progression toward use of the product at wave 2 (conventional cigarettes: adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.43; 95% CL, 1.23-1.65; e-cigarettes: AOR, 1.62; 95% CL, 1.41-1.85; cigars: AOR, 2.01; 95% CL, 1.62-2.49; and smokeless [males only]: AOR, 1.42; 95% CL, 1.07-1.89) and with use of the product (conventional cigarettes: AOR, 1.54; 95% CL, 1.03-2.32; e-cigarettes: AOR, 1.45; 95% CL, 1.19-1.75; cigars: AOR, 2.07; 95% CL, 1.26-3.40). Compared with those not receptive to any product advertising, receptivity to e-cigarette advertising, but not to cigarette advertising, was independently associated with those aged 12 to 21 years having used a cigarette at wave 2 (AOR, 1.60; 95% CL, 1.08-2.38).Conclusions and relevanceReceptivity to tobacco advertising was significantly associated with progression toward use in adolescents. Receptivity was highest for e-cigarette advertising and was associated with trying a cigarette.

Project description:The Indian Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act prohibits youths' access to tobacco products at points-of-sale and near educational institutions, requires signage stating these restrictions in these venues, and bans outdoor advertisements. This observational study examined compliance with these provisions, changes in compliance over 1 year, and factors associated with compliance.Data were collected in 2012 and 2013 from points-of-sale (n = 555 in 2012, n = 718 in 2013), educational institutions (n = 277 in 2012, n = 276 in 2013), and neighborhoods (n = 104 in 2012, n = 125 in 2013) in 25 urban and rural towns in five states. Compliance across years was compared using chi-square tests. Multilevel regression equations assessed factors associated with compliance at Wave 2 and change in compliance from Wave 1 to Wave 2.Most points-of-sale had no/low compliance, with little change over time (58% to 63%, P = .108). The proportion of educational institutions observing just 1-2 provisions increased (39% to 52%, P = .002). Most neighborhoods complied with the advertisement ban at both waves (91% to 96%, P = .172). In the multilevel analysis, point-of-sale compliance increased in small cities; compliance decreased at points-of-sale and increased at institutions in mid-sized cities. Changes in point-of-sale compliance were due to compliance with access restrictions and signage requirements; changes in educational institution compliance were due to compliance with the sales ban.Compliance with provisions regarding the sale and display of tobacco products is moderate, while compliance with the advertisement ban remains high in these five Indian states. Greater enforcement will further reduce youths' exposure to tobacco products.The study adds to the literature on compliance and changes in compliance with policy to prohibit youth access to tobacco products in India, a country that has large geographic disparities in youth smoking prevalence. The findings highlight several important areas on which efforts can focus to improve compliance among points-of-sale, educations institutions, and neighborhoods to limit youths' exposure and access to tobacco products. Rural areas and large cities in particular need more concerted efforts.

Project description:IntroductionMost tobacco use is initiated during adolescence and susceptibility is an important predictor of initiation. Research is needed to understand susceptibility across tobacco products among youth to inform prevention efforts.Aims and methodsWe surveyed 2945 students from four Southeastern Connecticut high schools in 2017. We assessed susceptibility to future use of seven different tobacco products (ie, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, hookah, cigars, cigarillos, blunts, and smokeless tobacco) among youth who had never used a tobacco product. Susceptibility was coded as any response other than "definitely not" to three items assessing (1) curiosity, (2) willingness to experiment with the product in the future, and (3) willingness to try if offered by a friend. Latent class analysis was used to identify patterns of susceptibility across multiple tobacco products and sociodemographic predictors of these classes.ResultsAmong n = 1246 youth who had never tried a tobacco product, 51.2% (n = 638) were susceptible to at least one product and 29.1% (n = 363) were susceptible to two or more products (average among susceptible youth: M = 2.4 products, SD = 1.7, range 1-7). Latent class analysis identified three classes: youth who were: (1) susceptible to all products (5.6%), (2) susceptible to e-cigarettes, hookah, and blunts (23.6%), and (3) mostly non-susceptible to all products (70.8%). In a multivariable model, demographic variables and peer tobacco use predicted class membership.ConclusionsWe observed high rates of susceptibility to non-traditional tobacco products among youth, and many youth were susceptible to more than one product. Targeting susceptibility across multiple tobacco products may be important for reducing youth tobacco use.ImplicationsPatterns of polytobacco use susceptibility were identified among youth who had never previously used tobacco products. Many youth were susceptible to more than one product and we observed three distinct classes of susceptibility among youth: those who were mostly non-susceptible, those who were susceptible to alternative or non-traditional tobacco products (e-cigarettes, hookah, and blunts), and those who were susceptible to all tobacco products. These findings suggest the importance of addressing susceptibility across multiple tobacco products.

Project description:BackgroundThe Czech Republic has one of the poorest tobacco control records in Europe. This paper examines transnational tobacco companies' (TTCs') efforts to influence policy there, paying particular attention to excise policies, as high taxes are one of the most effective means of reducing tobacco consumption, and tax structures are an important aspect of TTC competitiveness.Methods and findingsTTC documents dating from 1989 to 2004/5 were retrieved from the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library website, analysed using a socio-historical approach, and triangulated with key informant interviews and secondary data. The documents demonstrate significant industry influence over tobacco control policy. Philip Morris (PM) ignored, overturned, and weakened various attempts to restrict tobacco advertising, promoting voluntary approaches as an alternative to binding legislation. PM and British American Tobacco (BAT) lobbied separately on tobacco tax structures, each seeking to implement the structure that benefitted its own brand portfolio over that of its competitors, and enjoying success in turn. On excise levels, the different companies took a far more collaborative approach, seeking to keep tobacco taxes low and specifically to prevent any large tax increases. Collective lobbying, using a variety of arguments, was successful in delaying the tax increases required via European Union accession. Contrary to industry arguments, data show that cigarettes became more affordable post-accession and that TTCs have taken advantage of low excise duties by raising prices. Interview data suggest that TTCs enjoy high-level political support and continue to actively attempt to influence policy.ConclusionThere is clear evidence of past and ongoing TTC influence over tobacco advertising and excise policy. We conclude that this helps explain the country's weak tobacco control record. The findings suggest there is significant scope for tobacco tax increases in the Czech Republic and that large (rather than small, incremental) increases are most effective in reducing smoking.

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Dataset Information

Receptivity to Tobacco Advertising and Susceptibility to Tobacco Products.

Background and objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Receptivity to Tobacco Advertising and Susceptibility to Tobacco Products.

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