Dataset Information

Next Generation Driver for Attosecond and Laser-plasma Physics.

ABSTRACT: The observation and manipulation of electron dynamics in matter call for attosecond light pulses, routinely available from high-order harmonic generation driven by few-femtosecond lasers. However, the energy limitation of these lasers supports only weak sources and correspondingly linear attosecond studies. Here we report on an optical parametric synthesizer designed for nonlinear attosecond optics and relativistic laser-plasma physics. This synthesizer uniquely combines ultra-relativistic focused intensities of about 1020?W/cm2 with a pulse duration of sub-two carrier-wave cycles. The coherent combination of two sequentially amplified and complementary spectral ranges yields sub-5-fs pulses with multi-TW peak power. The application of this source allows the generation of a broad spectral continuum at 100-eV photon energy in gases as well as high-order harmonics in relativistic plasmas. Unprecedented spatio-temporal confinement of light now permits the investigation of electric-field-driven electron phenomena in the relativistic regime and ultimately the rise of next-generation intense isolated attosecond sources.

SUBMITTER: Rivas DE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5507917 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Next Generation Driver for Attosecond and Laser-plasma Physics.

Rivas D E DE Borot A A Cardenas D E DE Marcus G G Gu X X Herrmann D D Xu J J Tan J J Kormin D D Ma G G Dallari W W Tsakiris G D GD Földes I B IB Chou S-W SW Weidman M M Bergues B B Wittmann T T Schröder H H Tzallas P P Charalambidis D D Razskazovskaya O O Pervak V V Krausz F F Veisz L L

Scientific reports 20170712 1

The observation and manipulation of electron dynamics in matter call for attosecond light pulses, routinely available from high-order harmonic generation driven by few-femtosecond lasers. However, the energy limitation of these lasers supports only weak sources and correspondingly linear attosecond studies. Here we report on an optical parametric synthesizer designed for nonlinear attosecond optics and relativistic laser-plasma physics. This synthesizer uniquely combines ultra-relativistic focus ...[more]

PMID: 28701692

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Project description:BackgroundGenomic analysis of plasma cell-free DNA is transforming lung cancer care; however, available assays are limited by cost, turnaround time, and imperfect accuracy. Here, we study amplicon-based plasma next-generation sequencing (NGS), rather than hybrid-capture-based plasma NGS, hypothesizing this would allow sensitive detection and monitoring of driver and resistance mutations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and methodsPlasma samples from patients with NSCLC and a known targetable genotype (EGFR, ALK/ROS1, and other rare genotypes) were collected while on therapy and analyzed blinded to tumor genotype. Plasma NGS was carried out using enhanced tagged amplicon sequencing of hotspots and coding regions from 36 genes, as well as intronic coverage for detection of ALK/ROS1 fusions. Diagnostic accuracy was compared with plasma droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and tumor genotype.ResultsA total of 168 specimens from 46 patients were studied. Matched plasma NGS and ddPCR across 120 variants from 80 samples revealed high concordance of allelic fraction (R2?=?0.95). Pretreatment, sensitivity of plasma NGS for the detection of EGFR driver mutations was 100% (30/30), compared with 87% for ddPCR (26/30). A full spectrum of rare driver oncogenic mutations could be detected including sensitive detection of ALK/ROS1 fusions (8/9 detected, 89%). Studying 25 patients positive for EGFR T790M that developed resistance to osimertinib, 15 resistance mechanisms could be detected including tertiary EGFR mutations (C797S, Q791P) and mutations or amplifications of non-EGFR genes, some of which could be detected pretreatment or months before progression.ConclusionsThis blinded analysis demonstrates the ability of amplicon-based plasma NGS to detect a full range of targetable genotypes in NSCLC, including fusion genes, with high accuracy. The ability of plasma NGS to detect a range of preexisting and acquired resistance mechanisms highlights its potential value as an alternative to single mutation digital PCR-based plasma assays for personalizing treatment of TKI resistance in lung cancer.

Dataset Information

Next Generation Driver for Attosecond and Laser-plasma Physics.

Publications

Next Generation Driver for Attosecond and Laser-plasma Physics.

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