Dataset Information

Associations Between Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Inhibitory Control and Amphetamine Reward Sensitivity.

ABSTRACT: Poor inhibitory control and sensitivity to drug reward are two significant risk factors for drug abuse. Although the two have been largely viewed as separate and independent risk factors, there is new evidence to suggest that they may be related at both the behavioral and neural level. This study examined associations between behavioral and neural correlates of inhibitory control and sensitivity to the subjective rewarding effects of amphetamine in humans. Healthy volunteers (n=63) first completed the stop signal task, a behavioral measure of inhibitory control. Then they participated in four sessions in which they received amphetamine (20?mg) and placebo in alternating order, providing self-report measures of euphoria and arousal at regular intervals. Finally, a subset of participants (n=38) underwent an fMRI scan to assess neural correlates of inhibitory control. In the first phase of the study, participants with longer stop signal reaction time (SSRT) reported greater amphetamine-induced euphoria and stimulation than those with shorter SSRT. In the second phase, fMRI of response inhibition showed the expected activation in right prefrontal regions. Further, individuals who exhibited less activation in the right middle frontal gyrus during the inhibition task reported more euphoria during the amphetamine sessions. This study is the first to show associations between poor inhibitory control and amphetamine reward sensitivity at both behavioral and neural levels in humans. These findings extend our understanding of risk for drug abuse in individuals with poor inhibitory control and suggest novel targets for prevention efforts.

SUBMITTER: Weafer J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5520786 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations Between Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Inhibitory Control and Amphetamine Reward Sensitivity.

Weafer Jessica J Gorka Stephanie M SM Hedeker Donald D Dzemidzic Mario M Kareken David A DA Phan K Luan KL de Wit Harriet H

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 20170317 9

Poor inhibitory control and sensitivity to drug reward are two significant risk factors for drug abuse. Although the two have been largely viewed as separate and independent risk factors, there is new evidence to suggest that they may be related at both the behavioral and neural level. This study examined associations between behavioral and neural correlates of inhibitory control and sensitivity to the subjective rewarding effects of amphetamine in humans. Healthy volunteers (n=63) first complet ...[more]

PMID: 28303900

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Project description:BackgroundIrritability, a relatively lowered threshold for anger, is prevalent in typically and atypically developing youths. Inhibitory control, the ability to suppress behaviors counter to goals, is essential for regulating emotions, including anger. Understanding how irritability relates to behavioral and neural markers of inhibitory control may inform interventions.MethodsYouths (N=52; mean age=13.78) completed a Flanker task on an iPad to measure behavioral correlates of inhibitory control; a subsample (n=19; mean age=13.21) additionally completed a similar task while undergoing fMRI acquisition to evaluate inhibitory control on a neural level. Irritability was measured using the Affective Reactivity Index. Associations between irritability and inhibitory control were evaluated behaviorally (via Pearson correlations), and neurally (via ANCOVAs with whole-brain activation and amygdala connectivity).ResultsfMRI results indicated that higher levels of irritability were associated with aberrant activation (in middle frontal gyrus, amygdala/parahippocampal gyrus, anterior cingulate, lentiform nucleus/striatum) and left amygdala connectivity (with middle temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, posterior cingulate, fusiform gyrus, and thalamus). Behavioral results were mixed.LimitationsLongitudinal studies are needed to characterize changes in neural circuitry and delineate whether the brain profiles precede or are a consequence of symptoms. Larger samples powered to examine multiple irritability-related symptom dimensions will be necessary to elucidate shared vs. disorder-specific irritability mechanisms.ConclusionsFindings suggest that pediatric irritability may be related to neural processes involving inhibitory control. Further, findings underscore the importance of neuroimaging in investigating symptom dimensions such as irritability, as neuroimaging may be more sensitive in detecting underlying abnormalities compared to behavioral data alone.

Dataset Information

Associations Between Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Inhibitory Control and Amphetamine Reward Sensitivity.

Publications

Associations Between Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Inhibitory Control and Amphetamine Reward Sensitivity.

Similar Datasets

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