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Transforming growth factor-?1 promotes breast cancer metastasis by downregulating miR-196a-3p expression.

ABSTRACT: Transforming growth factor-?1 is considered a key contributor to the progression of breast cancer. MicroRNAs are important factors in the development and progression of many malignancies. In the present study, upon studies of breast cancer cell lines and tissues, we showed that microRNA -196a-3p is decreased by transforming growth factor-?1 in breast cancer cells and associated with breast cancer progression. We identified neuropilin-2 as a target gene of microRNA -196a-3p and showed that it is regulated by transforming growth factor-?1. Moreover, transforming growth factor-?1-mediated inhibition of microRNA -196a-3p and activation of neuropilin-2were required for transforming growth factor-?1-induced migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. In addition, neuropilin-2 expression was suppressed in breast tumors, particularly in triple-negative breast cancers. Collectively, our findings strongly indicate that microRNA -196a-3p is a predictive biomarker of breast cancer metastasis and patient survival and a potential therapeutic target in metastatic breast cancer.

SUBMITTER: Chen Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5564753 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transforming growth factor-β1 promotes breast cancer metastasis by downregulating miR-196a-3p expression.

Chen Yan Y Huang Shai S Wu Bo B Fang Jiankai J Zhu Minsheng M Sun Li L Zhang Lifeng L Zhang Yongsheng Y Sun Maomin M Guo Lingling L Wang Shouli S

Oncotarget 20170701 30

Transforming growth factor-β1 is considered a key contributor to the progression of breast cancer. MicroRNAs are important factors in the development and progression of many malignancies. In the present study, upon studies of breast cancer cell lines and tissues, we showed that microRNA -196a-3p is decreased by transforming growth factor-β1 in breast cancer cells and associated with breast cancer progression. We identified neuropilin-2 as a target gene of microRNA -196a-3p and showed that it is ...[more]

PMID: 28418877

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Project description:BackgroundEstrogen plays a critical role in breast cancer (BC) progression through estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated gene regulation. Emerging studies suggest that the malignant progress of BC cells is influenced by the cross talk between microRNAs (miRNAs) and ER-α signaling. However, the mechanism and functional linkage between estrogen and miRNAs remain unclear.MethodsThe expression levels of miR-196a and SPRED1 in BC were tested by qRT-PCR in 46 paired BC and adjacent tissues and by the GEO datasets. The role of miR-196a in estrogen-induced BC development was examined by CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, Matrigel invasion assay and tumorigenicity assay in nude mice. The binding site of ER-α in miR-196a promoter region was analyzed by ChIP-seq, ChIP assay and luciferase reporter assay. The potential targets of miR-196a in BC cells were explored using the luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis, and the correlation between miR-196a and SPRED1 was analyzed by Spearman's correlation analysis in BC specimens and GEO dataset. TCGA BRCA data was used to characterize the ESR1 signatures according to MSigDB gene set.ResultsThe expression levels of miR-196a were higher in ER-positive (ER+) breast tumors compared to ER-negative (ER-) tumor tissue samples. Besides, miR-196a was involved in estrogen-induced BC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Notably, the up-regulation of miR-196a was mediated by a direct interaction with estrogen receptor α (ER-α) but not estrogen receptor β (ER-β) in its promoter region, and miR-196a expression levels were positively correlated to ER-α signature scores. Furthermore, SPRED1 was a new direct target of miR-196a which participated in miR-196a-promoted BC development and was suppressed by ligand-activated ER-α signal pathway. Finally, forced expression of miR-196a induced tumor growth of MCF7 cells, while inhibition of miR-196a significantly suppressed the tumor progress in vivo.ConclusionsOverall, the identification of estrogen/miR-196a/SPRED1 cascade will shed light on new molecular mechanism of estrogen signaling in BC development and therapy.

Project description:The Wnt/?-catenin pathway is constitutively active and promotes multiple tumor processes, including breast cancer metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism by which the Wnt/?-catenin pathway is constitutively activated in breast cancer metastasis remains unclear. Inhibition of Wnt antagonists is important for Wnt/?-catenin signaling activation, and post-transcriptional regulation of these antagonists by microRNAs (miRNAs) might be a possible mechanism underlying signaling activation. Regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain-containing 1A (RPRD1A) is a known inhibitor of cell growth and Wnt/?-catenin signaling activity, but the function and regulatory mechanism of RPRD1A in breast cancer have not been clarified. The aim of this study was to understand how regulators of the Wnt/?-catenin pathway may play a role in the metastasis of this cancer. Methods: RPRD1A expression and its association with multiple clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed immunohistochemically in human breast cancer specimens. miR-454-3p expression was analyzed using real-time PCR. RPRD1A or miR-454-3p knockdown and overexpression were used to determine the underlying mechanism of their functions in breast cancer cells. Xenografted tumor model, 3D invasive culture, cell migration and invasion assays and sphere formation assay were used to determine the biofunction of RPRD1A and miR-454-3p in breast cancer. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) were performed to study the regulation and underlying mechanisms of RPRD1A and miR-454-3p expression and their correlation with the Wnt/?-catenin pathway in breast cancer. Results: The Wnt/?-catenin signaling antagonist RPRD1A was downregulated and its upstream regulator miR-454-3p was amplified and overexpressed in metastatic breast cancer, and both were correlated with overall and relapse-free survival in breast cancer patients. The suppression by miR-454-3p on RPRD1A was found to activate Wnt/?-catenin signaling, thereby promoting metastasis. Simultaneously, three other negative regulators of the Wnt/?-catenin pathway, namely, AXIN2, dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor (DKK) 3 and secreted frizzled related protein (SFRP) 1, were also found to be targets of miR-454-3p and were involved in the signaling activation. miR-454-3p was found to be involved in early metastatic processes and to promote the stemness of breast cancer cells and early relapse under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Conclusions: The findings indicate that miR-454-3p-mediated suppression of Wnt/?-catenin antagonist RPRD1A, as well as AXIN2, DKK3 and SFRP1, sustains the constitutive activation of Wnt/?-catenin signaling; thus, miR-454-3p and RPRD1A might be potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for breast cancer metastasis.

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Transforming growth factor-?1 promotes breast cancer metastasis by downregulating miR-196a-3p expression.

Publications

Transforming growth factor-β1 promotes breast cancer metastasis by downregulating miR-196a-3p expression.

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