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An exploratory comparison of name generator content: Data from rural India.

ABSTRACT: Since the 1970s sociologists have explored the best means for measuring social networks, although few name generator analyses have used sociocentric data or data from developing countries, partly because sociocentric studies in developing countries have been scant. Here, we analyze 12 different name generators used in a sociocentric network study conducted in 75 villages in rural Karnataka, India. Having unusual sociocentric data from a non-Western context allowed us to extend previous name generator research through the unique analyses of network structural measures, an extensive consideration of homophily, and investigation of status difference between egos and alters. We found that domestic interaction questions generated networks that were highly clustered and highly centralized. Similarity between respondents and their nominated contacts was strongest for gender, caste, and religion. We also found that domestic interaction name generators yielded the most homogeneous ties, while advice questions yielded the most heterogeneous. Participants were generally more likely to nominate those of higher social status, although certain questions, such as who participants talk to uncovered more egalitarian relationships, while other name generators elicited the names of social contacts distinctly higher or lower in status than the respondent. Some questions also seemed to uncover networks that were specific to the cultural context, suggesting that network researchers should balance local relevance with global generalizability when choosing name generators.

SUBMITTER: Shakya HB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5571897 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An exploratory comparison of name generator content: Data from rural India.

Shakya Holly B HB Christakis Nicholas A NA Fowler James H JH

Social networks 20160920

Since the 1970s sociologists have explored the best means for measuring social networks, although few name generator analyses have used sociocentric data or data from developing countries, partly because sociocentric studies in developing countries have been scant. Here, we analyze 12 different name generators used in a sociocentric network study conducted in 75 villages in rural Karnataka, India. Having unusual sociocentric data from a non-Western context allowed us to extend previous name gene ...[more]

PMID: 28845086

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Project description:BACKGROUND:There is a large "treatment gap" for depression worldwide. This study aimed to better understand the treatment gap in rural India by describing health care use and treatment-seeking for depression. METHODS:Data were analysed from a two round cross-sectional community survey conducted in rural Madhya Pradesh between May 2013 and December 2016. We examined the proportion of individuals who screened positive for depression (≥10) on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) who sought treatment in different sectors, for depression symptoms and for any reason, and compared the latter with health service use by screen-negative individuals. We analysed the frequency with which barriers to healthcare utilisation were reported by screen-positive adults. We also analysed the association between seeking treatment for depression and various predisposing, enabling and need factors using univariable regression. RESULTS:86% of screen-positive adults reported seeking no depression treatment. However, 66% had used health services for any reason in the past 3 months, compared to 46% of screen-negative individuals (p < 0.0001). Private providers were most frequently consulted by screen-positive adults (32%), while only 19% consulted traditional providers. Structural barriers to healthcare use such as cost and distance to services were frequently reported (54 and 52%, respectively) but were not associated with treatment-seeking for depression. The following factors were found to be positively associated with treatment-seeking for depression: higher symptom severity; lack of energy, lack of interest/pleasure, low self-esteem, or slow movements/restlessness on more than 7 days in the past 2 weeks; being married; having discussed depression symptoms; and reporting problems with medication availability and supply as a barrier to healthcare. No evidence was found for an association between treatment-seeking for depression and most socio-economic, demographic or attitudinal factors. CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that the majority of adults who screen positive for depression seek healthcare, although not primarily for depression symptoms, indicating the need to improve detection of depression during consultations about other complaints. Private providers may need to be considered in programmes to improve depression treatment in this setting. Further research should test the hypotheses generated in this descriptive study, such as the potential role of marriage in facilitating treatment-seeking.

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An exploratory comparison of name generator content: Data from rural India.

Publications

An exploratory comparison of name generator content: Data from rural India.

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