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Gastric gland mucin-specific O-glycan expression decreases with tumor progression from precursor lesions to pancreatic cancer.

ABSTRACT: Pancreatic cancer is lethal, as it is often detected late. Thus, novel biomarkers of precursor lesions are needed to devise timely therapies. Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) are major precursors of pancreatic cancer. In normal gastric mucosa, gastric gland mucin-specific O-glycans are unique in having ?1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (?GlcNAc) residues attached to MUC6. Recently we reported that ?GlcNAc functions as a tumor suppressor for differentiated-type gastric adenocarcinoma (Karasawa et al., J Clin Invest 122, 923, 2012). MUC6 is also expressed in pancreatic neoplasms, including PanIN and IPMN, but the role of ?GlcNAc expression in pancreatic neoplasms remains unknown. Here, we analyze expression patterns of ?GlcNAc, MUC6 and MUC5AC in pancreatic neoplasms and compare them with progression from PanIN to invasive ductal adenocarcinoma (IDAC) (the PanIN-IDAC sequence; 20 cases) and from IPMN to IPMN with associated invasive carcinoma (IPMNAIC) (the IPMN-IPMNAIC sequence; 20 cases). At both sequences, the frequency of MUC6-positive and ?GlcNAc-positive lesions decreased with tumor progression. We then compared expression levels of ?GlcNAc and MUC6 at each step of the progression. At the PanIN-IDAC sequence, ?GlcNAc expression significantly decreased relative to MUC6 in low-grade PanIN (P = 0.021), high-grade PanIN/intraductal spread of IDAC (P = 0.031) and IDAC (P = 0.013). At the IPMN-IPMNAIC sequence, decreased ?GlcNAc expression was also observed in low-grade IPMN exhibiting gastric-type morphology (P = 0.020). These results suggest that decreased expression of ?GlcNAc relative to MUC6 occurs early and marks the initiation of tumor progression to pancreatic cancer.

SUBMITTER: Ohya A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5581519 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gastric gland mucin-specific O-glycan expression decreases with tumor progression from precursor lesions to pancreatic cancer.

Ohya Ayumi A Yamanoi Kazuhiro K Shimojo Hisashi H Fujii Chifumi C Nakayama Jun J

Cancer science 20170808 9

Pancreatic cancer is lethal, as it is often detected late. Thus, novel biomarkers of precursor lesions are needed to devise timely therapies. Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) are major precursors of pancreatic cancer. In normal gastric mucosa, gastric gland mucin-specific O-glycans are unique in having α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc) residues attached to MUC6. Recently we reported that αGlcNAc functions as a tumor suppresso ...[more]

PMID: 28685935

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Project description:Annexins are a multigene family of calcium and phospholipid-binding proteins that play important roles in calcium signaling, cell motility, differentiation and proliferation. Our previous mass spectrometry-based proteomics study revealed that annexin A10 (ANXA10) was uniquely overexpressed in pancreatic CD24+ adenocarcinoma cells that were dissected from clinical PDAC tissues but was absent in CD24- adjacent normal cells. The correlation between ANXA10 expression and the progression of pancreatic cancer remains unknown. In this study, we performed an immunostaining assay to evaluate ANXA10 expression in 155 primary human tissue specimens, including normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis (CP), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN, the most important precursor of PDAC), and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). The immunostaining result showed that ANXA10 was significantly overexpressed in PanINs, IPMNs, and PDACs but negative in normal pancreas and the majority of chronic pancreatitis tissues. Statistical analysis revealed that ANXA10 expression was significantly associated with PDAC and its precursor lesions (p<0.0001). Abundant ANXA10 expression was predominantly present in pancreatic ductal epithelial cells of PanINs, IPMNs, and tumor cells of PDACs. Since PDAC develops through a series of PanINs which in turn arise from pancreatic ducts, the consistent overexpression of ANXA10 in ductal epithelial cells in PanINs and PDACs but negative in normal pancreatic ducts suggests that ANXA10 could serve as a potential marker indicating the presence of PDAC at its earliest precancerous stages. Double immunostaining of ANXA10 and CD24 showed that there was a large overlap between these two markers in PDAC and high-grade neoplasia lesions. The statistical analysis showed that the coexpression of ANXA10 and CD24 was significantly correlated with the progression of pancreatic precursor lesions towards PDACs.

Project description:BackgroundWith less than a 5% survival rate pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is almost uniformly lethal. In order to make a significant impact on survival of patients with this malignancy, it is necessary to diagnose the disease early, when curative surgery is still possible. Detailed knowledge of the natural history of the disease and molecular events leading to its progression is therefore critical.Methods and findingsWe have analysed the precursor lesions, PanINs, from prophylactic pancreatectomy specimens of patients from four different kindreds with high risk of familial pancreatic cancer who were treated for histologically proven PanIN-2/3. Thus, the material was procured before pancreatic cancer has developed, rather than from PanINs in a tissue field that already contains cancer. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling using such unique specimens was performed. Bulk frozen sections displaying the most extensive but not microdissected PanIN-2/3 lesions were used in order to obtain the holistic view of both the precursor lesions and their microenvironment. A panel of 76 commonly dysregulated genes that underlie neoplastic progression from normal pancreas to PanINs and PDAC were identified. In addition to shared genes some differences between the PanINs of individual families as well as between the PanINs and PDACs were also seen. This was particularly pronounced in the stromal and immune responses.ConclusionsOur comprehensive analysis of precursor lesions without the invasive component provides the definitive molecular proof that PanIN lesions beget cancer from a molecular standpoint. We demonstrate the need for accumulation of transcriptomic changes during the progression of PanIN to PDAC, both in the epithelium and in the surrounding stroma. An identified 76-gene signature of PDAC progression presents a rich candidate pool for the development of early diagnostic and/or surveillance markers as well as potential novel preventive/therapeutic targets for both familial and sporadic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

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Dataset Information

Gastric gland mucin-specific O-glycan expression decreases with tumor progression from precursor lesions to pancreatic cancer.

Publications

Gastric gland mucin-specific O-glycan expression decreases with tumor progression from precursor lesions to pancreatic cancer.

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