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Toxicological evaluations of Stigma maydis (corn silk) aqueous extract on hematological and lipid parameters in Wistar rats.

ABSTRACT: Despite the acclaimed phytotherapeutic attributes of Stigma maydis in folkloric medicine, there is paucity of information on its toxicity profile on hematological and lipid parameters. The toxicological effect of aqueous extract of corn silk at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight on hematological indices in Wistar rats were evaluated progressively at 24 h after 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Lipid parameters were also analyzed at the end of the experimental period. We observed that the extract did not exhibit any significant (p > 0.05) effect on red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and mean platelet volume at all the tested doses. The study however showed a significant increase in the serum levels of white blood cell, platelet, lymphocytes, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; as well as feeding pattern in the animals, while the concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and artherogenic index value were significantly lowered. These findings are suggestive of non-hematotoxic potential of the extract. Overall, the effect exhibited by corn silk extract in this study proved that, it is unlikely to be hematotoxic and could be a good candidature in the management of coronary heart diseases if consumed at the doses investigated.

SUBMITTER: Saheed S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5598422 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Toxicological evaluations of <i>Stigma maydis</i> (corn silk) aqueous extract on hematological and lipid parameters in Wistar rats.

Saheed Sabiu S Oladipipo Ajani E AE Abdulazeez Abubakar A AA Olarewaju Sulyman A SA Ismaila Nurain O NO Emmanuel Irondi A IA Fatimah Quadri D QD Aisha Abubakar Y AY

Toxicology reports 20150417

Despite the acclaimed phytotherapeutic attributes of <i>Stigma maydis</i> in folkloric medicine, there is paucity of information on its toxicity profile on hematological and lipid parameters. The toxicological effect of aqueous extract of corn silk at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight on hematological indices in Wistar rats were evaluated progressively at 24 h after 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Lipid parameters were also analyzed at the end of the experimental period. We observed that the extract ...[more]

PMID: 28962399

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Project description:Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam) is the most popular species under the genus Dacryodes. It is well known for its nutritional and ethno-medicinal uses in South-eastern and South-western Nigeria. This study was aimed to evaluate the toxicity of the aqueous-methanol fraction of crude methanol extract of Dacryodes edulis leaves (AMDE). The test rats were randomized to groups of single oral treatment of AMDE (10-5000 mg/kgbw) for the acute toxicity study. They were monitored for obvious signs of behavioural change and mortality. For the subacute toxicity study, the rats were randomized to three daily treatment groups (of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kgbw of AMDE) for 28 days. The fourth group (control) received 2.5 %v/v DMSO. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for hematology and clinical chemistry evaluation. The histopathology of the livers and kidneys were assessed using the excised organs. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of AMDE were also evaluated using Allium cepa model. The result showed that acute administration of AMDE, up to a dose of 5000 mg/kgbw did not result in mortality of the test rats. The observed median lethal dose (LD50) was greater than 5000 mg/kgbw. The subacute oral administration of AMDE for 28 days showed no significant (p > 0.05) effect on liver function, kidney function indices, organ - body weight ratio, but significantly (p < 0.05) decreased erythrocytic indices: red blood cells, haematocrit, and haemoglobin at 600 mg/kgbw. The Allium cepa assay revealed a non-significant reduction in mitotic index and low chromosomal aberrations of the treated groups. In conclusion, the aqueous-methanol solvent fraction of methanol extract of Dacryodes edulis leaves, AMDE is relatively safe. However, there are strong indications that it may contain compounds that are cytotoxic and reduces erythrocytic indices including red blood cells at high doses. Thus, adequate care should be taken in dosing and administering the extract to avert anaemic condition.

Dataset Information

Toxicological evaluations of Stigma maydis (corn silk) aqueous extract on hematological and lipid parameters in Wistar rats.

Publications

Toxicological evaluations of <i>Stigma maydis</i> (corn silk) aqueous extract on hematological and lipid parameters in Wistar rats.

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