Dataset Information

Strict tropism for CD71+/CD234+ human reticulocytes limits the zoonotic potential of Plasmodium cynomolgi.

ABSTRACT: Two malaria parasites of Southeast Asian macaques, Plasmodium knowlesi and P cynomolgi, can infect humans experimentally. In Malaysia, where both species are common, zoonotic knowlesi malaria has recently become dominant, and cases are recorded throughout the region. By contrast, to date, only a single case of naturally acquired P cynomolgi has been found in humans. In this study, we show that whereas P cynomolgi merozoites invade monkey red blood cells indiscriminately in vitro, in humans, they are restricted to reticulocytes expressing both transferrin receptor 1 (Trf1 or CD71) and the Duffy antigen/chemokine receptor (DARC or CD234). This likely contributes to the paucity of detectable zoonotic cynomolgi malaria. We further describe postinvasion morphologic and rheologic alterations in P cynomolgi-infected human reticulocytes that are strikingly similar to those observed for P vivax These observations stress the value of P cynomolgi as a model in the development of blood stage vaccines against vivax malaria.

SUBMITTER: Kosaisavee V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5600141 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Strict tropism for CD71+/CD234+ human reticulocytes limits the zoonotic potential of Plasmodium cynomolgi.

Kosaisavee Varakorn V Suwanarusk Rossarin R Chua Adeline C Y ACY Kyle Dennis E DE Malleret Benoit B Zhang Rou R Imwong Mallika M Imerbsin Rawiwan R Ubalee Ratawan R Sámano-Sánchez Hugo H Yeung Bryan K S BKS Ong Jessica J Y JJY Lombardini Eric E Nosten François F Tan Kevin S W KSW Bifani Pablo P Snounou Georges G Rénia Laurent L Russell Bruce B

Blood 20170711 11

Two malaria parasites of Southeast Asian macaques, Plasmodium knowlesi and P cynomolgi, can infect humans experimentally. In Malaysia, where both species are common, zoonotic knowlesi malaria has recently become dominant, and cases are recorded throughout the region. By contrast, to date, only a single case of naturally acquired P cynomolgi has been found in humans. In this study, we show that whereas P cynomolgi merozoites invade monkey red blood cells indiscriminate ...[more]

PMID: 28698207

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Project description:Plasmodium cynomolgi (Pcy), a simian malaria parasite, is a recent perfect example of emerging zoonotic transfer in human. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiology of natural Pcy infections in humans, mosquitoes and monkeys, along with its biological, clinical and drug sensitivity patterns. Knowledge gaps and further studies on Pcy in humans are also discussed. This parasite currently seems to be geographically limited in South-East Asia (SEA) with a global prevalence in human ranging from 0 to 1.4%. The Pcy infections were reported in local SEA populations and European travelers, and range from asymptomatic carriage to mild/moderate attacks with no evidence of pathognomonic clinical and laboratory patterns but with Pcy strain-shaped clinical differences. Geographical distribution and competence of suitable mosquito vectors and non-primate hosts, globalization, climate change, and increased intrusion of humans into the habitat of monkeys are key determinants to emergence of Pcy parasites in humans, along with its expansion outside SEA. Sensitization/information campaigns coupled with training and assessment sessions of microscopists and clinicians on Pcy are greatly needed to improve data on the epidemiology and management of human Pcy infection. There is a need for development of sensitive and specific molecular tools for individual diagnosis and epidemiological studies. The development of safe and efficient anti-hypnozoite drugs is the main therapeutic challenge for controlling human relapsing malaria parasites. Experience gained from P. knowlesi malaria, development of integrated measures and strategies-ideally with components related to human, monkeys, mosquito vectors, and environment-could be very helpful to prevent emergence of Pcy malaria in humans through disruption of transmission chain from monkeys to humans and ultimately contain its expansion in SEA and potential outbreaks in a context of malaria elimination.

Dataset Information

Strict tropism for CD71+/CD234+ human reticulocytes limits the zoonotic potential of Plasmodium cynomolgi.

Publications

Strict tropism for CD71<sup>+</sup>/CD234<sup>+</sup> human reticulocytes limits the zoonotic potential of <i>Plasmodium cynomolgi</i>.

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