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Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as determinants of energy intake and macronutrient composition: a 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery.

ABSTRACT: Early identification of the potential to adopt a long-term unhealthy diet, could improve weight outcomes for patients having undergone bariatric surgery.We explored whether presurgical sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, together with the type of surgery, could predict 10-year changes in dietary intake after bariatric surgery.Surgical departments and primary healthcare centers, nationwide.Participants were from the Swedish Obese Subjects study, a matched (nonrandomized) prospective trial comparing bariatric surgery with standard care for obese patients. This study included the 1695 surgery patients with complete information on presurgery diet. Questionnaires were completed before and 6 months, 1-4, 6, 8, and 10 years after surgery. Analyses were conducted with linear mixed-model.Dietary changes were observed in 1561, 1298, and 1243 participants, at the 2-, 6-, and 10-year follow-ups, respectively. Sex and treatment type predicted changes in energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fiber intake over the follow-up (P<.05). Furthermore, male sex, younger age, a sedentary behavior, and gastric bypass predicted increased alcohol consumption (P<.001). Two important phases for intervening bariatric patients' diet were identified. The first was 6 months after surgery, when the maximal changes in diet were achieved. The second, stretched from 6 months until 4 years after surgery, during which earlier commitments to dietary changes were largely abandoned.Male sex and banding surgery in particular predicted unfavorable post-surgery changes in energy and macronutrient intake. Furthermore, gastric bypass, a younger age, and an unhealthy lifestyle presurgery, may predispose individuals to increased alcohol intake after surgery.

SUBMITTER: Kanerva N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5610092 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as determinants of energy intake and macronutrient composition: a 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery.

Kanerva Noora N Larsson Ingrid I Peltonen Markku M Lindroos Anna-Karin AK Carlsson Lena M LM

Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery 20170601 9

<h4>Background</h4>Early identification of the potential to adopt a long-term unhealthy diet, could improve weight outcomes for patients having undergone bariatric surgery.<h4>Objectives</h4>We explored whether presurgical sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, together with the type of surgery, could predict 10-year changes in dietary intake after bariatric surgery.<h4>Setting</h4>Surgical departments and primary healthcare centers, nationwide.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants were from the ...[more]

PMID: 28756049

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Project description:BACKGROUND: The magnitude of the negative energy balance induced by exercise may be reduced due to compensatory increases in energy intake. OBJECTIVE: TO ADDRESS THE QUESTION: Does increased exercise or physical activity alter ad-libitum daily energy intake or macronutrient composition in healthy adults? DATA SOURCES: PubMed and Embase were searched (January 1990-January 2013) for studies that presented data on energy and/or macronutrient intake by level of exercise, physical activity or change in response to exercise. Ninety-nine articles (103 studies) were included. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Primary source articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals. Articles that presented data on energy and/or macronutrient intake by level of exercise or physical activity or changes in energy or macronutrient intake in response to acute exercise or exercise training in healthy (non-athlete) adults (mean age 18-64 years). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: Articles were grouped by study design: cross-sectional, acute/short term, non-randomized, and randomized trials. Considerable heterogeneity existed within study groups for several important study parameters, therefore a meta-analysis was considered inappropriate. Results were synthesized and presented by study design. RESULTS: No effect of physical activity, exercise or exercise training on energy intake was shown in 59% of cross-sectional studies (n = 17), 69% of acute (n = 40), 50% of short-term (n = 10), 92% of non-randomized (n = 12) and 75% of randomized trials (n = 24). Ninety-four percent of acute, 57% of short-term, 100% of non-randomized and 74% of randomized trials found no effect of exercise on macronutrient intake. Forty-six percent of cross-sectional trials found lower fat intake with increased physical activity. LIMITATIONS: The literature is limited by the lack of adequately powered trials of sufficient duration, which have prescribed and measured exercise energy expenditure, or employed adequate assessment methods for energy and macronutrient intake. CONCLUSIONS: We found no consistent evidence that increased physical activity or exercise effects energy or macronutrient intake.

Dataset Information

Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as determinants of energy intake and macronutrient composition: a 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery.

Publications

Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as determinants of energy intake and macronutrient composition: a 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery.

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