Dataset Information

Lack of NLRP3-inflammasome leads to gut-liver axis derangement, gut dysbiosis and a worsened phenotype in a mouse model of NAFLD.

ABSTRACT: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) represents the most common form of chronic liver injury and can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A "multi-hit" theory, involving high fat diet and signals from the gut-liver axis, has been hypothesized. The role of the NLRP3-inflammasome, which senses dangerous signals, is controversial. Nlrp3^-/- and wild-type mice were fed a Western-lifestyle diet with fructose in drinking water (HFHC) or a chow diet. Nlrp3^-/--HFHC showed higher hepatic expression of PPAR ?2 (that regulates lipid uptake and storage) and triglyceride content, histological score of liver injury and greater adipose tissue inflammation. In Nlrp3^-/--HFHC, dysregulation of gut immune response with impaired antimicrobial peptides expression, increased intestinal permeability and the occurrence of a dysbiotic microbiota led to bacterial translocation, associated with higher hepatic expression of TLR4 (an LPS receptor) and TLR9 (a receptor for double-stranded bacterial DNA). After antibiotic treatment, gram-negative species and bacterial translocation were reduced, and adverse effects restored both in liver and adipose tissue. In conclusion, the combination of a Western-lifestyle diet with innate immune dysfunction leads to NAFLD progression, mediated at least in part by dysbiosis and bacterial translocation, thus identifying new specific targets for NAFLD therapy.

SUBMITTER: Pierantonelli I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5610266 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lack of NLRP3-inflammasome leads to gut-liver axis derangement, gut dysbiosis and a worsened phenotype in a mouse model of NAFLD.

Pierantonelli Irene I Rychlicki Chiara C Agostinelli Laura L Giordano Debora Maria DM Gaggini Melania M Fraumene Cristina C Saponaro Chiara C Manghina Valeria V Sartini Loris L Mingarelli Eleonora E Pinto Claudio C Buzzigoli Emma E Trozzi Luciano L Giordano Antonio A Marzioni Marco M Minicis Samuele De S Uzzau Sergio S Cinti Saverio S Gastaldelli Amalia A Svegliati-Baroni Gianluca G

Scientific reports 20170922 1

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) represents the most common form of chronic liver injury and can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A "multi-hit" theory, involving high fat diet and signals from the gut-liver axis, has been hypothesized. The role of the NLRP3-inflammasome, which senses dangerous signals, is controversial. Nlrp3<sup>-/-</sup> and wild-type mice were fed a Western-lifestyle diet with fructose in drinking water (HFHC) or a chow diet. Nlrp3<sup>-/-</sup>-HF ...[more]

PMID: 28939830

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Project description:NLR inflammasomes, caspase 1 activation platforms critical for processing key pro-inflammatory cytokines, have been implicated in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). As the direct role of the NLRP3 inflammasome remains unclear, we tested effects of persistent NLRP3 activation as a contributor to NAFLD development and, in particular, as a modulator of progression from benign hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis during diet-induced NAFLD. Gain of function tamoxifen-inducible Nlrp3 knock-in mice allowing for in vivo temporal control of NLRP3 activation and loss of function Nlrp3 knockout mice were placed on short-term choline-deficient amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet, to induce isolated hepatic steatosis or long-term CDAA exposure, to induce severe steatohepatitis and fibrosis, respectively. Expression of NLRP3 associated proteins was assessed in liver biopsies of a well-characterized group of patients with the full spectrum of NAFLD. Nlrp3(-/-) mice were protected from long-term feeding CDAA-induced hepatomegaly, liver injury, and infiltration of activated macrophages. More importantly, Nlrp3(-/-) mice showed marked protection from CDAA-induced liver fibrosis. After 4 weeks on CDAA diet, wild-type (WT) animals showed isolated hepatic steatosis while Nlrp3 knock-in mice showed severe liver inflammation, with increased infiltration of activated macrophages and early signs of liver fibrosis. In the liver samples of patients with NAFLD, inflammasome components were significantly increased in those patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) when compared to those with non-NASH NAFLD with mRNA levels of pro-IL1 beta correlated to levels of COL1A1. Our study uncovers a crucial role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of NAFLD. These findings may lead to novel therapeutic strategies aimed at halting the progression of hepatic steatosis to the more severe forms of this disease. Key message: Mice with NLRP3 inflammasome loss of function are protected from diet-induced steatohepatitis. NLRP3 inflammasome gain of function leads to early and severe onset of diet-induced steatohepatitis in mice. Patients with severe NAFLD exhibit increased levels of NLRP3 inflammasome components and levels of pro-IL1? mRNA correlate with the expression of COL1A1.

Dataset Information

Lack of NLRP3-inflammasome leads to gut-liver axis derangement, gut dysbiosis and a worsened phenotype in a mouse model of NAFLD.

Publications

Lack of NLRP3-inflammasome leads to gut-liver axis derangement, gut dysbiosis and a worsened phenotype in a mouse model of NAFLD.

Similar Datasets

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