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Functional significance of active site residues in the enzymatic component of the Clostridium difficile binary toxin.

ABSTRACT: Clostridium difficile binary toxin (CDT) is an ADP-ribosyltransferase which is linked to enhanced pathogenesis of C. difficile strains. CDT has dual function: domain a (CDTa) catalyses the ADP-ribosylation of actin (enzymatic component), whereas domain b (CDTb) transports CDTa into the cytosol (transport component). Understanding the molecular mechanism of CDT is necessary to assess its role in C. difficile infection. Identifying amino acids that are essential to CDTa function may aid drug inhibitor design to control the severity of C. difficile infections. Here we report mutations of key catalytic residues within CDTa and their effect on CDT cytotoxicity. Rather than an all-or-nothing response, activity of CDTa mutants vary with the type of amino acid substitution; S345A retains cytotoxicity whereas S345Y was sufficient to render CDT non-cytotoxic. Thus CDTa cytotoxicity levels are directly linked to ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.

SUBMITTER: Davies AH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5613739 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Functional significance of active site residues in the enzymatic component of the <i>Clostridium difficile</i> binary toxin.

Davies Abigail H AH   McGlashan Joanna J   Posner Mareike G MG   Roberts April K AK   Shone Clifford C CC   Acharya K Ravi KR  

Biochemistry and biophysics reports 20160811

<i>Clostridium difficile</i> binary toxin (CDT) is an ADP-ribosyltransferase which is linked to enhanced pathogenesis of <i>C. difficile</i> strains. CDT has dual function: domain <i>a</i> (CDTa) catalyses the ADP-ribosylation of actin (enzymatic component), whereas domain <i>b</i> (CDTb) transports CDTa into the cytosol (transport component). Understanding the molecular mechanism of CDT is necessary to assess its role in <i>C. difficile</i> infection. Identifying amino acids that are essential  ...[more]

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