Dataset Information

Demographics and natural history of HIV-1-infected spontaneous controllers of viremia.

ABSTRACT: HIV-1-infected persons spontaneously controlling viremia without treatment (SCV) are rare. Sex and race effects on prevalence and outcome are poorly defined, and it is unclear whether SCV qualitatively or quantitatively differs from typical infection. These issues are examined in this article.Medical records of 46?524 persons receiving outpatient care for HIV-1 infection were reviewed. Of these, 29?811 had adequate viremia testing for SCV screening.SCV was defined as at least three consecutive plasma viremia measurements <50 RNA copies/ml spanning at least 1 year without treatment. SCV loss was defined as at least three consecutive viremia measurements ?50 RNA copies/ml or one ?1000 RNA copies/ml. Demographics of persons with SCV were compared with the total population. Viremia and blood CD4 T-cell levels during SCV were compared between demographic subgroups and persons who maintained or lost SCV during observation.In total, 53 persons (0.18%) met SCV criteria. Prevalence was higher for women versus men and blacks versus whites; these appeared independent. Loss of SCV was observed at 1.22% per year, and significantly associated with viremia 'blips'. Blip magnitudes fit log-normal distributions with means below 50 RNA copies/ml.Our novel observation of higher SCV prevalence in women and blacks is consistent with prior studies of typical chronic infection. Viremia blips correspond to greater risk of loss of SCV, likely reflecting higher set-point viremia under the limit of detection. Our findings suggest that SCV represents an extreme along a continuum of HIV-1 infection, and not qualitative difference.

SUBMITTER: Yang OO

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5657480 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Demographics and natural history of HIV-1-infected spontaneous controllers of viremia.

Yang Otto O OO Cumberland William G WG Escobar Robert R Liao Diana D Chew Kara W KW

AIDS (London, England) 20170501 8

<h4>Objectives</h4>HIV-1-infected persons spontaneously controlling viremia without treatment (SCV) are rare. Sex and race effects on prevalence and outcome are poorly defined, and it is unclear whether SCV qualitatively or quantitatively differs from typical infection. These issues are examined in this article.<h4>Design</h4>Medical records of 46 524 persons receiving outpatient care for HIV-1 infection were reviewed. Of these, 29 811 had adequate viremia testing for SCV screening.<h4>Methods</ ...[more]

PMID: 28301422

Similar Datasets

Project description:A rare phenotype of clinical non-progressors to AIDS is not well understood and the new protocol for universal treatment, may block the understanding of viral control thus it is crucial to define this controversial group.A cohort of 30 persons followed a criteria for viremia control groups 1 (VC1; n = 2) and 2 (VC2; n = 7) and non-viral controllers (NC; n = 21) including number of years of diagnosis, LTCD4+, LTCD8+ counts, plasma viral load and the absence of ART; 241 uninfected control persons were matched to age and sex. Infected persons were regularly examined and submitted to two or three annual laboratory measurements. Polymorphisms and allele frequencies of CCR5?32 and SDF1-3'A were detected in the genomic DNA. Plasma levels of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17 and IFN-y) were measured.The group investigated is originated from a miscigenetic population and demographic and social characteristics were not significantly relevant. LTCD4+ median values were higher among VC than NC, but significantly lower than uninfected controls. Evolution of LTCD4+ and LTCD8+ counts, showed a slight increase of LTCD4+ among VC, but a significant decrease in the NC. The percentage of annual change in LTCD4+ was also significantly different between the groups. LTCD4+/LTCD8+ ratio was inverted but not significant among the VC, thus the ratio may be a useful biomarker for the VC. A clear signature indicated a change from Th1 to Th2 cytokine profiles from VC to NC, respectively.The knowledge of viral controllers characteristics in different population groups is important to define a strict universal definition for the sake of learning about the pathogenesis of HIV-1. Data on LTCD4+ seems to be stable and repetitive from published data, but the LTCD8+ response and the significance of LTCD4+/LTCD8+ ratio values are in need to further exploration as biomarkers. The change from Th1 to Th2 cytokine profile may help to design and adjust specific treatment protocols for the group.

Project description:CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from HIV infected patients with HIV-RNA viremia of >50 copies/ml and CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from healthy controls were isolated by negative selection (Miltenyi Biotech, Auburn, CA). Cell sorting of the CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets were performed based on surface staining of CD3+CD8+ or CD3+CD4+ and na ve CD45RA+CD27+CD127highHLA-DRlow, and CD3+CD8+ or CD3+CD4+ and memory CD45RA-CD27+CD127highHLA-DRlow. Sorted cell populations were spun down and stored as dry pellets at -80M-BM-0C. Samples analyzed by transcript levels of genes related to cytokine signaling were determined by the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway microarray. CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from HIV infected patients with HIV-RNA viremia of >50 copies/ml and CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from healthy controls were isolated by negative selection (Miltenyi Biotech, Auburn, CA). Cell sorting of the CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets were performed based on surface staining of CD3+CD8+ or CD3+CD4+ and naM-CM-/ve CD45RA+CD27+CD127highHLA-DRlow, and CD3+CD8+ or CD3+CD4+ and memory CD45RA-CD27+CD127highHLA-DRlow. Sorted cell populations were spun down and stored as dry pellets at -80M-BM-0C. Samples analyzed by transcript levels of genes related to cytokine signaling were determined by the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway microarray (http://www.sabiosciences.com/rt_pcr_product/HTML/PAHS-039A.html, SABiosciences Frederick, MD). Briefly, total RNA was harvested from each individual T cell subset from each patient or healthy control and contaminating DNA was digested with DNase. Messenger RNA was converted to cDNA and loaded onto PCR array plates for quantitative real-time PCR. Quantification of transcript levels was determined by normalizing to 5 housekeeping genes from each individual sample. Relative gene expression levels for each subset were averaged and compared between cell populations from the patient group and healthy controls. Because of the multiple comparisons only p values M-bM-^IM-$ 0.01 were considered significant.

Dataset Information

Demographics and natural history of HIV-1-infected spontaneous controllers of viremia.

Publications

Demographics and natural history of HIV-1-infected spontaneous controllers of viremia.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets