Dataset Information

Nasal carriage rate and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Neisseria meningitidis in healthy Ethiopian children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Community nasal meningococcal carriage rates are high across Africa. Meningococcal infections are major causes of morbidity and mortality in the continent; especially among children and adolescents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage and antibiotic susceptibilities of meningococcal isolates from healthy Ethiopian children and adolescents.

Method

A cross-sectional study was conducted in one of the sub-cities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Nasal swabs were collected and processed for identification, serogrouping and testing susceptibilities for three antibiotics using standard microbiological techniques. Data on epidemiologic risk factors were collected using a structured questionnaire and the magnitude of their association with carriage was assessed using bivariate and multivariate analysis.

Result

A total of 240 samples were collected (115 from males and 125 from females). The mean age of study participants was 11.1 years. The prevalence of nasal carriage for Neisseria meningitidis was 20.4% (49/240). Carriage was significantly higher among children living under crowded conditions (OR 1.268; 95% CI: 1.186-1.355; p = 0.006). The predominant serogroups were W135-20/49 isolates (40.8%) and C-12/49 isolates (24.5%) and 83.7% of meningococci were sensitive for Ciprofloxacin. In contrast, isolates showed high resistance to Ceftriaxone (69.4%) while only 4.2% were sensitive for Penicillin. Multi-drug resistance was documented for 14.3% of the isolates.

Conclusions

Meningococcal carriage rate was found to be high with higher rates associated with children and adolescents living in crowded living conditions. Predominant isolates were of serogroup W135 and C and the isolates showed marked susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin and resistance to Ceftriaxone and Penicillin.

SUBMITTER: Alemayehu T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5658183 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Nasal carriage rate and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Neisseria meningitidis in healthy Ethiopian children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study.

Alemayehu Tinsae T Mekasha Amha A Abebe Tamrat T

PloS one 20171026 10

<h4>Background</h4>Community nasal meningococcal carriage rates are high across Africa. Meningococcal infections are major causes of morbidity and mortality in the continent; especially among children and adolescents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage and antibiotic susceptibilities of meningococcal isolates from healthy Ethiopian children and adolescents.<h4>Method</h4>A cross-sectional study was conducted in one of the sub-cities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Nasal swa ...[more]

PMID: 29073269

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Project description:UnlabelledNeisseria meningitidis colonizes the nasopharyngeal mucosa of healthy populations asymptomatically, although the bacterial surface is rich in motifs that activate the host innate immunity. What determines the tolerant host response to this bacterium in asymptomatic carriers is poorly understood. We demonstrated that the conserved meningococcal surface protein NhhA orchestrates monocyte (Mo) differentiation specifically into macrophage-like cells with a CD200R(hi) phenotype (NhhA-M?). In response to meningococcal stimulation, NhhA-M? failed to produce proinflammatory mediators. Instead, they upregulated interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Th2/regulatory T cell (Treg)-attracting chemokines, such as CCL17, CCL18, and CCL22. Moreover, NhhA-M? were highly efficient in eliminating bacteria. The in vivo validity of these findings was corroborated using a murine model challenged with N. meningitidis systematically or intranasally. The NhhA-modulated immune response protected mice from septic shock; Mo/M? depletion abolished this protective effect. Intranasal administration of NhhA induced an anti-inflammatory response, which was associated with N. meningitidis persistence at the nasopharynx. In vitro studies demonstrated that NhhA-triggered Mo differentiation occurred upon engaged Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1)/TLR2 signaling and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) activation and required endogenously produced IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?). Our findings reveal a strategy that might be adopted by N. meningitidis to maintain asymptomatic nasopharyngeal colonization.ImportanceNeisseria meningitidis is an opportunistic human-specific pathogen that colonizes the nasopharyngeal mucosa asymptomatically in approximately 10% of individuals. Very little is known about how this bacterium evades immune activation during the carriage stage. Here, we observed that N. meningitidis, via the conserved surface protein NhhA, skewed monocyte differentiation into macrophages with a CD200R(hi) phenotype. Both in vivo and in vitro data demonstrated that these macrophages, upon meningococcal infection, played an important role in forming a homeostatic immune microenvironment through their capacity to eliminate invading bacteria and to generate anti-inflammatory mediators. This work provides novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the commensal persistence of N. meningitidis.

Dataset Information

Nasal carriage rate and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Neisseria meningitidis in healthy Ethiopian children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study.

Background

Method

Result

Conclusions

Publications

Nasal carriage rate and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Neisseria meningitidis in healthy Ethiopian children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study.

Similar Datasets

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