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Effect of Exercise Type During Intentional Weight Loss on Body Composition in Older Adults with Obesity.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To examine the long-term effects of exercise modality during weight loss on body composition and associations between body composition and physical function changes. METHODS:Two hundred forty-nine older adults (66.9?±?4.7 years, 71% women, 32% African American, BMI: 34.4?±?3.7 kg/m2 ) were randomized to weight loss (WL; n?=?82), WL plus aerobic training (WL?+?AT; n?=?86), or WL plus resistance training (WL?+?RT; n?=?81) for 18 months. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-acquired body composition, 400-m walk time, and knee extensor strength were measured at baseline and at 6 and 18 months. RESULTS:Total body mass loss was enhanced when WL was combined with exercise (WL: -5.7?±?0.7 kg, WL?+?AT: -8.5?±?0.7 kg, WL?+?RT: -8.7?±?0.7 kg; P?

SUBMITTER: Beavers KM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5678994 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of Exercise Type During Intentional Weight Loss on Body Composition in Older Adults with Obesity.

Beavers Kristen M KM Ambrosius Walter T WT Rejeski W Jack WJ Burdette Jonathan H JH Walkup Michael P MP Sheedy Jessica L JL Nesbit Beverly A BA Gaukstern Jill E JE Nicklas Barbara J BJ Marsh Anthony P AP

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20171101 11

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the long-term effects of exercise modality during weight loss on body composition and associations between body composition and physical function changes.<h4>Methods</h4>Two hundred forty-nine older adults (66.9 ± 4.7 years, 71% women, 32% African American, BMI: 34.4 ± 3.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ) were randomized to weight loss (WL; n = 82), WL plus aerobic training (WL + AT; n = 86), or WL plus resistance training (WL + RT; n = 81) for 18 months. Dual-energy x-ray absorpt ...[more]

PMID: 29086504

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Project description:BackgroundObesity imposes risk to cardiometabolic health; however, intentional weight loss among older adults with obesity remains controversial.ObjectiveTo explore the influence of exercise plus weight maintenance and exercise plus intentional weight loss by caloric restriction on changes in cardiometabolic risk among older adults with obesity assessed by four risk-scoring tools.DesignUsing longitudinal data from the Calorie Restriction and Changes in Body Composition, Disease, Function, and Quality of Life in Older Adults study (CROSSROADS) (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00955903; May 2009 to October 2014), scores were calculated using baseline and 12-month data according to criteria from the International Diabetes Federation, National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel, Framingham Risk Score, and Cardiometabolic Disease Staging.Participants and settingParticipants (39% men, 23% African American, aged 70.2 ± 4.7 years) were randomized to exercise (n = 48), exercise plus nutrient-dense weight maintenance diet (n = 44), or exercise plus weight loss by moderate caloric restriction (n = 42).Main outcome measuresTo evaluate effects of exercise plus weight maintenance and exercise plus intentional weight loss on changes in cardiometabolic risk.Statistical analyses performedGeneralized estimating equations were used to assess changes in risk with ethnicity, biological sex, and age as covariates.ResultsGroup-time interaction was only significant for Framingham and Cardiometabolic Disease Staging (P = 0.005 and 0.041, respectively). Upon post hoc analysis, significant within-group improvements in Framingham scores were observed for exercise plus weight maintenance (P < 0.001; r = -1.682) and exercise plus weight loss (P = 0.020; r = -0.881). In analysis of between-group differences in Framingham scores, significant decreases were observed in the exercise plus weight maintenance group (P = 0.001; r = -1.723) compared with the exercise group. For Cardiometabolic Disease Staging, the exercise plus weight loss group had significant within-group improvements (P = 0.023; r = -0.102). For between-group differences in Cardiometabolic Disease Staging, the exercise plus weight loss group showed significant risk reduction (P = 0.012; r = -0.142) compared with the exercise group.ConclusionsAmong risk scores evaluated, Framingham and Cardiometabolic Disease Staging showed significantly greater sensitivity to change in cardiometabolic risk. Older adults with obesity can significantly lower cardiometabolic risk through exercise plus weight maintenance or exercise plus weight loss by moderate caloric restriction.

Dataset Information

Effect of Exercise Type During Intentional Weight Loss on Body Composition in Older Adults with Obesity.

Publications

Effect of Exercise Type During Intentional Weight Loss on Body Composition in Older Adults with Obesity.

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