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Feasibility of Round Window Stimulation by a Novel Electromagnetic Microactuator.

ABSTRACT: Most implantable hearing aids currently available were developed to compensate the sensorineural hearing loss by driving middle ear structures (e.g., the ossicles). These devices are successfully used in round window (RW) stimulation clinically, although this was initially not the intended use. Here, a novel microactuator, specifically designed for RW stimulation, was tested in human temporal bones to determine actuator performance and applicability.Stapes footplate response to RW stimulation was determined experimentally in human temporal bones and the obtained sound pressure output level was estimated.The actuator had a flat displacement response between 0.125 and 4?kHz, a resonance between 4 and 7?kHz, and a roll-off above. At increasing contact force, the stapes footplate displacement decreased by 5-10?dB re ?m for forces ? 2?mN. The equivalent sound pressure level between 0.125 and 4?kHz amounted to 87-97?eq?dB SPL and increased to 117?eq?dB SPL for frequencies of 4-7?kHz. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the actuator ranged within 15-40% for static forces of 5?mN.The feasibility of an electromagnetic actuator that may be placed into the RW niche was demonstrated but requires further optimization in terms of THD and static force sensitivity.

SUBMITTER: van Drunen WJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5682051 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Feasibility of Round Window Stimulation by a Novel Electromagnetic Microactuator.

van Drunen Wouter Johannes WJ Mueller Mathias M Glukhovskoy Anatoly A Salcher Rolf R Wurz Marc Christopher MC Lenarz Thomas T Maier Hannes H

BioMed research international 20171029

<h4>Introduction</h4>Most implantable hearing aids currently available were developed to compensate the sensorineural hearing loss by driving middle ear structures (e.g., the ossicles). These devices are successfully used in round window (RW) stimulation clinically, although this was initially not the intended use. Here, a novel microactuator, specifically designed for RW stimulation, was tested in human temporal bones to determine actuator performance and applicability.<h4>Methods</h4>Stapes fo ...[more]

PMID: 29214174

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Project description:Background: The development of less traumatic surgical techniques, such as the round window approach (RWA), as well as the use of flexible electrodes and post-operative steroid administration have enabled the preservation of residual hearing after cochlear implantation (CI) surgery. However, consideration must still be given to the complications that can accompany CI. One such potential complication is the impairment of vestibular function with resulting vertigo symptoms. The aim of our current study was to examine the changes in vestibular function after implantation in patients who received CI using less traumatic surgery, particularly the RWA technique. Methods: Sixty-six patients who received CI in our center were examined by caloric testing, cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular VEMP (oVEMP) before or after implantation, or both, to obtain data on semicircular canal, saccular and utricular function, respectively. Less traumatic CI surgery was performed by the use of the RWA and insertion of flexible electrodes such as MED-EL FLEX soft, FLEX 28, and FLEX 24 (Innsbruck, Austria). Results: Caloric response and the asymmetry ratio of cVEMP and oVEMP were examined before and after implantation using less traumatic surgical techniques. Compared with before implantation, 93.9, 82.4, and 92.5% of the patients showed preserved vestibular function after implantation based on caloric testing, cVEMP and oVEMP results, respectively. We also examined the results for vestibular function by a comparison of the 66 patients using the RWA and flexible electrodes, and 17 patients who underwent cochleostomy and insertion of conventional or hard electrodes. We measured responses using caloric testing, cVEMP and oVEMP in patients after CI. There were no differences in the frequencies of abnormal caloric and oVEMP results in the implanted ears between the RWA and cochleostomy. On the other hand, the frequency of abnormal cVEMP responses in the implanted ears in the patients who received implantation by cochleostomy was significantly higher than that in the patients undergoing surgery using the RWA. Conclusion: Patients receiving CI using less traumatic surgical techniques such as RWA and flexible electrodes have reduced risk of damage to vestibular function.

Dataset Information

Feasibility of Round Window Stimulation by a Novel Electromagnetic Microactuator.

Publications

Feasibility of Round Window Stimulation by a Novel Electromagnetic Microactuator.

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