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RNA Polymerase I Inhibition with CX-5461 as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Target MYC in Multiple Myeloma.


ABSTRACT: Dysregulation of MYC is frequently implicated in both early and late myeloma progression events, yet its therapeutic targeting has remained a challenge. Among key MYC downstream targets is ribosomal biogenesis, enabling increases in protein translational capacity necessary to support the growth and self-renewal programmes of malignant cells. We therefore explored the selective targeting of ribosomal biogenesis with the small molecule RNA polymerase (pol) I inhibitor CX-5461 in myeloma. CX-5461 induced significant growth inhibition in wild-type (WT) and mutant TP53 myeloma cell lines and primary samples, in association with increases in downstream markers of apoptosis. Moreover, Pol I inhibition overcame adhesion-mediated drug resistance and resistance to conventional and novel agents. To probe the TP53-independent mechanisms of CX-5461, gene expression profiling was performed on isogenic TP53 WT and knockout cell lines and revealed reduction of MYC downstream targets. Mechanistic studies confirmed that CX-5461 rapidly suppressed both MYC protein and MYC mRNA levels. The latter was associated with an increased binding of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) subunits TARBP2 and AGO2, the ribosomal protein RPL5, and MYC mRNA, resulting in increased MYC transcript degradation. Collectively, these studies provide a rationale for the clinical translation of CX-5461 as a novel therapeutic approach to target MYC in myeloma.

SUBMITTER: Lee HC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5695568 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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RNA Polymerase I Inhibition with CX-5461 as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Target MYC in Multiple Myeloma.

Lee Hans C HC   Wang Hua H   Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran V   Lin Heather H   He Jin J   Jones Richard J RJ   Kuiatse Isere I   Gu Dongmin D   Wang Zhiqiang Z   Ma Wencai W   Lim John J   O'Brien Sean S   Keats Jonathan J   Yang Jing J   Davis Richard E RE   Orlowski Robert Z RZ  

British journal of haematology 20170401 1


Dysregulation of MYC is frequently implicated in both early and late myeloma progression events, yet its therapeutic targeting has remained a challenge. Among key MYC downstream targets is ribosomal biogenesis, enabling increases in protein translational capacity necessary to support the growth and self-renewal programmes of malignant cells. We therefore explored the selective targeting of ribosomal biogenesis with the small molecule RNA polymerase (pol) I inhibitor CX-5461 in myeloma. CX-5461 i  ...[more]

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