Dataset Information

Disturbed blood flow worsens endothelial dysfunction in moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

ABSTRACT: The aims of this study were: (1) to test whether oscillatory shear stress further exacerbates endothelial dysfunction in patients with moderate-severe COPD, and (2) to test whether low flow oxygen administration improves endothelial function and is protective against oscillatory shear stress-induced endothelial dysfunction in patients with moderate-severe COPD. In 17 patients and 10 age-matched non-smoking control subjects we examined brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and circulating microparticles before and after 20?minutes of experimentally-induced oscillatory shear stress. COPD patients performed this intervention a second time following a 20-minute wash in period of low flow supplemental oxygen to normalize arterial oxygen saturation. COPD patients had ~six-fold greater baseline retrograde shear rate (P?

SUBMITTER: Barak OF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5717042 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Disturbed blood flow worsens endothelial dysfunction in moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Barak Otto F OF Mladinov Suzana S Hoiland Ryan L RL Tremblay Joshua C JC Thom Stephen R SR Yang Ming M Mijacika Tanja T Dujic Zeljko Z

Scientific reports 20171205 1

The aims of this study were: (1) to test whether oscillatory shear stress further exacerbates endothelial dysfunction in patients with moderate-severe COPD, and (2) to test whether low flow oxygen administration improves endothelial function and is protective against oscillatory shear stress-induced endothelial dysfunction in patients with moderate-severe COPD. In 17 patients and 10 age-matched non-smoking control subjects we examined brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and circulating ...[more]

PMID: 29209035

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Project description:Brain pathology is relatively unexplored in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study is a comprehensive investigation of grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) changes and how these relate to disease severity and cognitive function.T1-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images were acquired for 31 stable COPD patients (FEV1 52.1% pred., PaO2 10.1 kPa) and 24 age, gender-matched controls. T1-weighted images were segmented into GM, WM and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tissue classes using a semi-automated procedure optimised for use with this cohort. This procedure allows, cohort-specific anatomical features to be captured, white matter lesions (WMLs) to be identified and includes a tissue repair step to correct for misclassification caused by WMLs. Tissue volumes and cortical thickness were calculated from the resulting segmentations. Additionally, a fully-automated pipeline was used to calculate localised cortical surface and gyrification. WM and GM tissue volumes, the tissue volume ratio (indicator of atrophy), average cortical thickness, and the number, size, and volume of white matter lesions (WMLs) were analysed across the whole-brain and regionally - for each anatomical lobe and the deep-GM. The hippocampus was investigated as a region-of-interest. Localised (voxel-wise and vertex-wise) variations in cortical gyrification, GM density and cortical thickness, were also investigated. Statistical models controlling for age and gender were used to test for between-group differences and within-group correlations. Robust statistical approaches ensured the family-wise error rate was controlled in regional and local analyses.There were no significant differences in global, regional, or local measures of GM between patients and controls, however, patients had an increased volume (p?=?0.02) and size (p?=?0.04) of WMLs. In patients, greater normalised hippocampal volume positively correlated with exacerbation frequency (p?=?0.04), and greater WML volume was associated with worse episodic memory (p?=?0.05). A negative relationship between WML and FEV1 % pred. approached significance (p?=?0.06).There was no evidence of cerebral atrophy within this cohort of stable COPD patients, with moderate airflow obstruction. However, there were indications of WM damage consistent with an ischaemic pathology. It cannot be concluded whether this represents a specific COPD, or smoking-related, effect.

Dataset Information

Disturbed blood flow worsens endothelial dysfunction in moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Publications

Disturbed blood flow worsens endothelial dysfunction in moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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