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E-cadherin dynamics is regulated by galectin-7 at epithelial cell surface.

ABSTRACT: Re-epithelialisation of wounded epidermis is ensured by collective cell migration of keratinocytes. Efficient collective migration requires the maintenance of intercellular adhesion, notably through adherens junctions, to favour cell communication, support tension forces and coordinated movement . Galectin-7, a soluble lectin expressed in stratified epithelia, has been previously implicated in cell migration and intercellular adhesion. Here, we revealed a new function of galectin-7 in the control of directionality and collective behaviour in migrating keratinocytes. Consistently, we identified galectin-7 as a direct partner of E-cadherin, a key component of adherens junctions. Unexpectedly, this interaction does not require glycosylation motifs. Focusing on the underlying mechanisms, we showed that galectin-7 stabilizes E-cadherin at the plasma membrane, restraining its endocytosis. Interestingly, galectin-7 silencing decreases E-cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion. Consequently, this study not only identifies a new stabilizer of adherens junctions but also emphasises the importance of the interplay between E-cadherin turnover and intercellular adhesion strength.

SUBMITTER: Advedissian T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5719072 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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E-cadherin dynamics is regulated by galectin-7 at epithelial cell surface.

Advedissian Tamara T Proux-Gillardeaux Véronique V Nkosi Rachel R Peyret Grégoire G Nguyen Thao T Poirier Françoise F Viguier Mireille M Deshayes Frédérique F

Scientific reports 20171206 1

Re-epithelialisation of wounded epidermis is ensured by collective cell migration of keratinocytes. Efficient collective migration requires the maintenance of intercellular adhesion, notably through adherens junctions, to favour cell communication, support tension forces and coordinated movement . Galectin-7, a soluble lectin expressed in stratified epithelia, has been previously implicated in cell migration and intercellular adhesion. Here, we revealed a new function of galectin-7 in the contro ...[more]

PMID: 29213102

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Project description:Cell shape and tissue architecture are controlled by changes to junctional proteins and the cytoskeleton. How tissues control the dynamics of adhesion and cytoskeletal tension is unclear. We have studied epithelial tissue architecture using 3D culture models and found that adult primary prostate epithelial cells grow into hollow acinus-like spheroids. Importantly, when co-cultured with stroma the epithelia show increased lateral cell adhesions. To investigate this mechanism further we aimed to: identify a cell line model to allow repeatable and robust experiments; determine whether or not epithelial adhesion molecules were affected by stromal culture; and determine which stromal signalling molecules may influence cell adhesion in 3D epithelial cell cultures.The prostate cell line, BPH-1, showed increased lateral cell adhesion in response to stroma, when grown as 3D spheroids. Electron microscopy showed that 9.4% of lateral membranes were within 20 nm of each other and that this increased to 54% in the presence of stroma, after 7 days in culture. Stromal signalling did not influence E-cadherin or desmosome RNA or protein expression, but increased E-cadherin/actin co-localisation on the basolateral membranes, and decreased paracellular permeability. Microarray analysis identified several growth factors and pathways that were differentially expressed in stroma in response to 3D epithelial culture. The upregulated growth factors TGF?2, CXCL12 and FGF10 were selected for further analysis because of previous associations with morphology. Small molecule inhibition of TGF?2 signalling but not of CXCL12 and FGF10 signalling led to a decrease in actin and E-cadherin co-localisation and increased paracellular permeability.In 3D culture models, paracrine stromal signals increase epithelial cell adhesion via adhesion/cytoskeleton interactions and TGF?2-dependent mechanisms may play a key role. These findings indicate a role for stroma in maintaining adult epithelial tissue morphology and integrity.

Project description:Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely expressed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system and are localized at synaptic and extrasynaptic sites of the cell membrane. However, the mechanisms regulating the localization of nicotinic receptors in distinct domains of the cell membrane are not well understood. N-cadherin is a cell adhesion molecule that mediates homotypic binding between apposed cell membranes and regulates the actin cytoskeleton through protein interactions with the cytoplasmic domain. At synaptic contacts, N-cadherin is commonly localized adjacent to the active zone and the postsynaptic density, suggesting that N-cadherin contributes to the assembly of the synaptic complex. To examine whether N-cadherin homotypic binding regulates the cell surface localization of nicotinic receptors, this study used heterologous expression of N-cadherin and ?3?4 nAChR subunits C-terminally fused to a myc-tag epitope in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Expression levels of ?3?4 nAChRs at cell-cell contacts and at contact-free cell membrane were analyzed by confocal microscopy. ?3?4 nAChRs were found distributed over the entire surface of contacting cells lacking N-cadherin. In contrast, N-cadherin-mediated cell-cell contacts were devoid of ?3?4 nAChRs. Cell-cell contacts mediated by N-cadherin-deleted proteins lacking the ?-catenin binding region or the entire cytoplasmic domain showed control levels of ?3?4 nAChRs expression. Inhibition of actin polymerization with latrunculin A and cytochalasin D did not affect ?3?4 nAChRs localization within N-cadherin-mediated cell-cell contacts. However, treatment with the Rho associated kinase inhibitor Y27632 resulted in a significant increase in ?3?4 nAChR levels within N-cadherin-mediated cell-cell contacts. Analysis of ?3?4 nAChRs localization in polarized Caco-2 cells showed specific expression on the apical cell membrane and colocalization with apical F-actin and the actin nucleator Arp3. These results indicate that actomyosin contractility downstream of N-cadherin homotypic binding regulates the cell surface localization of ?3?4 nAChRs presumably through interactions with a particular pool of F-actin.

Dataset Information

E-cadherin dynamics is regulated by galectin-7 at epithelial cell surface.

Publications

E-cadherin dynamics is regulated by galectin-7 at epithelial cell surface.

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