Dataset Information

Determinants of severe acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Nepal: a community-based case-control study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Malnutrition is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under the age of 5?years in low and middle income countries like Nepal. Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) are nine times more likely to die than children without malnutrition. The prevalence of SAM has increased in Nepal over the past 15 years; however, the determinants of SAM have not been clearly assessed in the country.

Objective

To assess the determinants of SAM among children aged 6-59 months in the Bara district of Nepal.

Setting

A community-based case-control study was conducted in 12 randomly selected Village Development Committees (VDCs) of the Bara district of Nepal.

Participants

A random sample of 292 children aged 6-59 months (146 as cases and 146 as controls) from 12 VDCs were included in this study.

Results

The prevalence of SAM among children under the age of 5?years was 4.14%. The following factors were significantly associated with SAM: low socioeconomic status (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 17.13, 95%?CI 5.85 to 50.13); mother's age at birth <20?or >35 years (AOR 3.21, 95%?CI 1.30 to 7.94); birth interval <24 months (AOR 4.09, 95%?CI 1.87 to 8.97); illiterate father (AOR 3.65, 95%?CI 1.62 to 8.20); bottle feeding (AOR 2.19, 95%?CI 1.73 to 12.03); and not initiating complementary feeding at the age of 6 months (AOR 2.91, 95%?CI 1.73 to 12.03). Mother's educational level, initiation of breastfeeding, colostrum feeding, and exclusive breastfeeding were not significantly associated with SAM.

Conclusion

The mother's age at birth, birth interval, socioeconomic status, father's educational level and initiation of complementary feeding at the age of 6 months were important determinants of SAM among children. A multi-sector approach is essential to address SAM. There is a need for further studies not only focusing on SAM but also moderate acute malnutrition.

SUBMITTER: Pravana NK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5724075 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Determinants of severe acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Nepal: a community-based case-control study.

Pravana Nilesh Kumar NK Piryani Suneel S Chaurasiya Surendra Prasad SP Kawan Rasmila R Thapa Ram Krishna RK Shrestha Sumina S

BMJ open 20170828 8

<h4>Background</h4>Malnutrition is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under the age of 5 years in low and middle income countries like Nepal. Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) are nine times more likely to die than children without malnutrition. The prevalence of SAM has increased in Nepal over the past 15 years; however, the determinants of SAM have not been clearly assessed in the country.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the determinants of SAM among chi ...[more]

PMID: 28851796

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Project description:BackgroundDespite the multiple initiatives implemented to reduce stunting in Ecuador, it continues to be a public health problem with a significant prevalence. One of the most affected groups is the rural indigenous population. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of chronic malnutrition in indigenous children under 5 years of age and its association with health determinants, focusing on one of the territories with the highest prevalence of stunting.MethodsA cross-sectional study in 1,204 Kichwa indigenous children under the age of five, residing in rural areas of the counties with the highest presence of indigenous in the province of Chimborazo-Ecuador. A questionnaire on health determinants was applied and anthropometric measurements were taken on the child and the mother. Stunting was determined by the height-for-age z-score of less than 2 standard deviations, according to the World Health Organization´s parameters. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression.Results51.6% (n = 646) of the children are stunted. Height-for-age z-scores were significantly better for girls, children under 12 months, families without overcrowding, and families with higher family income. The variables that were significantly and independently associated with stunting were: overcrowding (PR 1.20, 95% CI 1-1.44), the mother required that the father give her money to buy medicine (PR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04-1.71), the father did not give her money to support herself in the last 12 months (1.58, 95% CI 1.15-2.17), mother's height less than 150 cm (PR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19-1.69) and the child was very small at birth (PR 1.75, 95% CI 1.22-2.5).ConclusionOne out of every two rural indigenous children included in this study is stunted. The high prevalence of stunting in the indigenous and rural population is multicausal, and requires an intersectoral and multidisciplinary approach. This study identified three fundamental elements on which public policy could focus: (a) reduce overcrowding conditions, improving economic income in the rural sector (for example, through the strengthening of agriculture), (b) provide prenatal care and comprehensive postnatal care, and (c) promote strategies aimed at strengthening the empowerment of women.

Dataset Information

Determinants of severe acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Nepal: a community-based case-control study.

Background

Objective

Setting

Participants

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Determinants of severe acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Nepal: a community-based case-control study.

Similar Datasets

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