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Hyperleptinemia positively associated with central arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients.

ABSTRACT: Leptin plays a role in stimulating vascular inflammation, vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy, and augmenting blood pressure, which contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and leads to arterial stiffness. This vascular damage, measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), is recognized as an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum leptin and arterial stiffness in HD patients.In 112 of the 126 HD patients were eligible and their biochemical data were collected for analysis. Serum leptin level was measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was measured by a validated tonometry system (SphygmoCor). Those have cfPWV values above 10 m/s are defined as the high arterial stiffness group.Among the participants, thirty-eight of them who were in the high arterial stiffness group, had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.002), age (p = 0.029), body mass index (BMI, p = 0.018), body fat mass (p = 0.001), hemoglobin (p = 0.040), and serum leptin levels (P<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that leptin (odds ratio [OR] 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.14; p <0.001), diabetes (OR 7.17; CI 1.39-37.00; p = 0.019), body fat mass (OR 1.16; CI 1.02-1.33; p = 0.027); and hemoglobin (OR 2.11; CI 1.15-3.87; p = 0.015) were independently associated with arterial stiffness in HD patients.In our study, hyperleptinemia was positively correlated to the high cfPWV and thus was related to high arterial stiffness in HD patients.

SUBMITTER: Kuo CH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5755912 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Background Night eating has been associated with an elevated risk of obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. However, there is no longitudinal study on whether habitual night eating, regardless of diet quality and energy intake, is associated with arterial stiffness, a major etiological factor in the development of cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results The study included 7771 adult participants without cardiovascular disease, cancer, or diabetes mellitus prior to dietary assessment by a validated food frequency questionnaire in 2014 through 2015. Participants were categorized into 3 groups based on self-reported night-eating habits: never or rarely, some days (1-5 times per week), or most days (6+ times per week). Arterial stiffness was assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity at baseline and repeatedly during follow-ups. Mean differences and 95% CIs in the yearly change rate of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity across the 3 groups were calculated, adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, total energy intake, diet quality, sleep quality, and other cardiovascular disease risk factors. At baseline, 6625 (85.2%), 610 (7.8%), and 536 (6.9%) participants reported night eating as never or rarely, some days, or most days, respectively. During a mean 3.19 years, we observed a positive association between night-eating frequency and progression of arterial stiffness (P trend=0.01). The adjusted difference in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity change rate between the group that ate at night most days and the group that never or rarely ate at night was 14.1 (95% CI, 0.6-27.5) cm/s per year. This association was only significant in women, but not in men (P interaction=0.03). Conclusions In an adult population free of major chronic diseases, habitual night eating was positively associated with the progression of arterial stiffness, a hallmark of arteriosclerosis and biological aging. Registration URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn; Unique identifier: ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489.

Project description:Rationale & objectiveCharacteristics of the transformation of primary to secondary calciprotein particles (CPPs) in serum, including the size of secondary CPP (CPP2) aggregates and the time of transformation (T50), may be markers for arterial calcification in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). We examined the associations of CPP2 aggregate size and T50 with arterial calcification in incident HD patients.Study designProspective cohort study.Setting & participantsIncident HD patients (n=402with available CPP2 measures and n=388with available T50 measures) from the Predictors of Arrhythmic and Cardiovascular Risk in End-Stage Renal Disease (PACE) Study PREDICTORS: Serum CPP2 size and T50 at baseline.OutcomesPrimary outcomes were baseline coronary artery and thoracic aorta calcifications. Exploratory outcomes included baseline arterial stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ankle brachial index, and longitudinally, repeat measures of PWV and all-cause mortality.Analytical approachTobit regression, multiple linear regression, Poisson regression, linear mixed-effects regression, and Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsMean age was 55±13 years, 41% were women, 71% were Black, and 57% had diabetes mellitus. Baseline CPP2 size and T50 were correlated with baseline fetuin A level (r=-0.59 for CPP2 and 0.44 for T50; P<0.001 for both), but neither was associated with baseline measures of arterial calcification or arterial stiffness. Baseline CPP2 size and T50 were not associated with repeat measures of PWV. During a median follow-up of 3.5 (IQR, 1.7-6.2) years, larger CPP2 was associated with higher risk for mortality (HR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.05-1.31] per 100nm larger CPP2 size) after adjusting for demographics and comorbid conditions, but there was no association between baseline T50 and risk for mortality.LimitationsPossible imprecision in assays, small sample size, limited generalizability to incident HD populations with different racial composition, and residual confounding.ConclusionsIn incident HD patients, neither CPP2 size nor T50 was associated with prevalent arterial calcification and stiffness. Larger CPP2 was associated with risk for mortality, but this finding needs to be confirmed in future studies.

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Hyperleptinemia positively associated with central arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients.

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