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Associations between birthweight and overweight and obesity in school-age children.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Relationships between birthweight and future obesity risk remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To assess associations between birthweight and later obesity in a nationally representative cohort of early school-aged children. METHODS:We used linear and logistic regression to evaluate 10 186 term- or preterm children in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort 2011 for relationships between birthweight and later obesity and change in BMI z-score from kindergarten-to-second grade. All analyses were adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, parental education and household income. RESULTS:Compared to children born normal birthweight (NBW), high birthweight (HBW) term children and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) preterm children had significantly greater BMI z-scores from kindergarten-to-second grade (p < 0.001). Term children born HBW had higher odds of obesity by kindergarten (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] 1.91, p < 0.0001). Among preterm children, odds of obesity was higher among LGA children starting in first grade (aOR 2.34, p < 0.05) and among small-for-gestational age children in second grade (aOR 2.26, p < 0.05). Compared to NBW children, HBW children had greater change in BMI z-score between kindergarten-first grade (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:High birthweight term and LGA preterm children had increased adjusted odds of obesity in school-age compared to their NBW counterparts. Physicians may provide counselling early in life for families of large infants to help prevent future obesity.

SUBMITTER: Kapral N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5756526 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations between birthweight and overweight and obesity in school-age children.

Kapral N N Miller S E SE Scharf R J RJ Gurka M J MJ DeBoer M D MD

Pediatric obesity 20170706 6

<h4>Background</h4>Relationships between birthweight and future obesity risk remain unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess associations between birthweight and later obesity in a nationally representative cohort of early school-aged children.<h4>Methods</h4>We used linear and logistic regression to evaluate 10 186 term- or preterm children in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort 2011 for relationships between birthweight and later obesity and change in BMI z-score from kinderg ...[more]

PMID: 28685963

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Project description:Background and aims: Youth populations with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) exhibit heterogeneity in cardiometabolic health phenotypes (e.g. fasting glucose, serum triglycerides, etc.). The underling mechanisms for those differences are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the whole blood transcriptome profile (RNA-seq) of children with metabolic healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) and metabolic unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotypes. Methods: 27 children with OW/OB (10.14 ± 1.3 years, 59% boys) from the ActiveBrains project were included. MHO was defined as having none of the following criteria for metabolic syndrome: elevated fasting glucose, high serum triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high systolic or diastolic blood pressure, while MUO was defined as presenting one or more of these criteria. Inflammatory markers interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) were additionally determined. Total-blood RNA was analyzed by 5’-end RNA sequencing. Two different bioinformatics approaches were performed: 1) Differential gene expression analyses using Limma R/Bioconductor software package (analyses adjusted by sex and maturational status) and 2) weighted gene coexpression network analyses (WGCNA). Results: Children with MHO had lower values of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 compared to MUO (p < 0.05). 40 genes were differentially expressed (FDR < 0.05) in children with MHO compared to MUO. WGCNA analysis identified 23 gene coexpression modules (i.e. clusters of genes) with low preservation (Zsummary < 2) in children with MHO compared to MUO. Differential and WGCNA gene expression patterns identified 32 genes linked to metabolism, mitochondrial and immune functions. Conclusions: Whole blood transcriptome analysis revealed a distinct pattern of gene expression in children with MHO compared to MUO children. The identified gene expression patterns related to metabolism, mitochondrial and immune functions can promote a better understanding of cardiovascular disease prognosis in individuals with MHO.

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Associations between birthweight and overweight and obesity in school-age children.

Publications

Associations between birthweight and overweight and obesity in school-age children.

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