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Genetic risk, dysbiosis, and treatment stratification using host genome and gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease.

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprised of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are characterized by a complex pathophysiology that is thought to result from an aberrant immune response to a dysbiotic luminal microbiota in genetically susceptible individuals. New technologies support the joint assessment of host-microbiome interaction.Using whole genome sequencing and shotgun metagenomics, we studied the clinical features, host genome, and stool microbial metagenome of 85 IBD patients, and compared the results to 146 control individuals. Genetic risk scores, computed on 159 single nucleotide variants, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types differentiated IBD patients from healthy controls.Genetic risk was associated with the need for use of biologics in IBD and, modestly, with the composition of the gut microbiome. As compared with healthy controls, IBD patients had hallmarks of stool microbiome dysbiosis, with loss of a diversified core microbiome, enrichment and depletion of specific bacteria, and enrichment of bacterial virulence factors.We show that genetic risk may have a role in early risk stratification in the care of IBD patients and propose that expression of virulence factors in a dysbiotic microbiome may contribute to pathogenesis in IBD.

SUBMITTER: Moustafa A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5795019 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic risk, dysbiosis, and treatment stratification using host genome and gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease.

Moustafa Ahmed A Li Weizhong W Anderson Ericka L EL Wong Emily H M EHM Dulai Parambir S PS Sandborn William J WJ Biggs William W Yooseph Shibu S Jones Marcus B MB Venter J Craig JC Nelson Karen E KE Chang John T JT Telenti Amalio A Boland Brigid S BS

Clinical and translational gastroenterology 20180118 1

<h4>Objectives</h4>Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprised of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are characterized by a complex pathophysiology that is thought to result from an aberrant immune response to a dysbiotic luminal microbiota in genetically susceptible individuals. New technologies support the joint assessment of host-microbiome interaction.<h4>Methods</h4>Using whole genome sequencing and shotgun metagenomics, we studied the clinical features, host genome, and sto ...[more]

PMID: 29345635

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Dataset Information

Genetic risk, dysbiosis, and treatment stratification using host genome and gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease.

Publications

Genetic risk, dysbiosis, and treatment stratification using host genome and gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease.

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