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Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor: the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE).


ABSTRACT:

Background

Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and brain tumor risk is sparse and inconsistent.

Methods

In 12 cohorts from 6 European countries, individual estimates of annual mean air pollution levels at the baseline residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects: particulate matter (PM) ≤2.5, ≤10, and 2.5-10 μm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse), PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx) and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations of air pollutant concentrations and traffic intensity with total, malignant, and nonmalignant brain tumor, in separate Cox regression models, adjusting for risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses.

Results

Of 282194 subjects from 12 cohorts, 466 developed malignant brain tumors during 12 years of follow-up. Six of the cohorts also had data on nonmalignant brain tumor, where among 106786 subjects, 366 developed brain tumor: 176 nonmalignant and 190 malignant. We found a positive, statistically nonsignificant association between malignant brain tumor and PM2.5 absorbance (hazard ratio and 95% CI: 1.67; 0.89-3.14 per 10-5/m3), and weak positive or null associations with the other pollutants. Hazard ratio for PM2.5 absorbance (1.01; 0.38-2.71 per 10-5/m3) and all other pollutants were lower for nonmalignant than for malignant brain tumors.

Conclusion

We found suggestive evidence of an association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 absorbance indicating traffic-related air pollution and malignant brain tumors, and no association with overall or nonmalignant brain tumors.

SUBMITTER: Andersen ZJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5817954 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor: the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE).

Andersen Zorana J ZJ   Pedersen Marie M   Weinmayr Gudrun G   Stafoggia Massimo M   Galassi Claudia C   Jørgensen Jeanette T JT   Sommar Johan N JN   Forsberg Bertil B   Olsson David D   Oftedal Bente B   Aasvang Gunn Marit GM   Schwarze Per P   Pyko Andrei A   Pershagen Göran G   Korek Michal M   Faire Ulf De U   Östenson Claes-Göran CG   Fratiglioni Laura L   Eriksen Kirsten T KT   Poulsen Aslak H AH   Tjønneland Anne A   Bräuner Elvira Vaclavik EV   Peeters Petra H PH   Bueno-de-Mesquita Bas B   Jaensch Andrea A   Nagel Gabriele G   Lang Alois A   Wang Meng M   Tsai Ming-Yi MY   Grioni Sara S   Marcon Alessandro A   Krogh Vittorio V   Ricceri Fulvio F   Sacerdote Carlotta C   Migliore Enrica E   Vermeulen Roel R   Sokhi Ranjeet R   Keuken Menno M   de Hoogh Kees K   Beelen Rob R   Vineis Paolo P   Cesaroni Giulia G   Brunekreef Bert B   Hoek Gerard G   Raaschou-Nielsen Ole O  

Neuro-oncology 20180201 3


<h4>Background</h4>Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and brain tumor risk is sparse and inconsistent.<h4>Methods</h4>In 12 cohorts from 6 European countries, individual estimates of annual mean air pollution levels at the baseline residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects: particulate matter (PM) ≤2.5, ≤10, and 2.5-10 μm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse), PM2.5 absorbance,  ...[more]

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