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Asymmetric and Site-Selective [3 + 2]-Annulations for the Synthesis of High-Value Bicyclic Lactams.

ABSTRACT: Asymmetric and site-selective formal [3 + 2]-annulations of ?-alkyl-?,?-unsaturated ?-lactams with ?,?-unsaturated aldehydes have been developed. These organocatalysed transformations yield high value enantioenriched bicyclic ?-lactams with up to four new stereocenters (sometimes including a quarternary carbon). The overall transformation starts from simple and readily accessible furans and oversees a rapid, controlled, and dramatic enhancement in 3D complexity.

SUBMITTER: Kalaitzakis D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5822218 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Asymmetric and Site-Selective [3 + 2]-Annulations for the Synthesis of High-Value Bicyclic Lactams.

Kalaitzakis Dimitris D Sofiadis Manolis M Triantafyllakis Myron M Daskalakis Konstantinos K Vassilikogiannakis Georgios G

Organic letters 20180208 4

Asymmetric and site-selective formal [3 + 2]-annulations of γ-alkyl-β,γ-unsaturated γ-lactams with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes have been developed. These organocatalysed transformations yield high value enantioenriched bicyclic γ-lactams with up to four new stereocenters (sometimes including a quarternary carbon). The overall transformation starts from simple and readily accessible furans and oversees a rapid, controlled, and dramatic enhancement in 3D complexity. ...[more]

PMID: 29417818

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Project description:BackgroundMalaria remains the world's most important devastating parasitic disease. Of the five species of Plasmodium known to infect and cause human malaria, Plasmodium falciparum is the most virulent and responsible for majority of the deaths caused by this disease. Mainstream drug therapy targets the asexual blood stage of the malaria parasite, as the disease symptoms are mainly associated with this stage. The prevalence of malaria parasite strains resistance to existing anti-malarial drugs has made the control of malaria even more challenging and hence the development of a new class of drugs is inevitable.MethodsScreening against different drug resistant and sensitive strains of P. falciparum was performed for few bicyclic lactam-based motifs, exhibiting a broad spectrum of activity with low toxicity generated via a focussed library obtained from diversity oriented synthesis (DOS). The synthesis and screening was followed by an in vitro assessment of the possible cytotoxic effect of this class of compounds on malaria parasite.ResultsThe central scaffold a chiral bicyclic lactam (A) and (A') which were synthesized from (R)-phenylalaninol, levulinic acid and 3-(2-nitrophenyl) levulinic acid respectively. The DOS library was generated from A and from A', by either direct substitution with o-nitrobenzylbromide at the carbon ?- to the amide functionality or by conversion to fused pyrroloquinolines. Upon screening this diverse library for their anti-malarial activity, a dinitro/diamine substituted bicyclic lactam was found to demonstrate exceptional activity of >85% inhibition at 50 ?M concentration across different strains of P. falciparum with no toxicity against mammalian cells. Also, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial functionality and apoptosis was observed in parasite treated with diamine-substituted bicyclic lactams.ConclusionsThis study unveils a DOS-mediated exploration of small molecules with novel structural motifs that culminates in identifying a potential lead molecule against malaria. In vitro investigations further reveal their cytocidal effect on malaria parasite growth. It is not the first time that DOS has been used as a strategy to identify therapeutic leads against malaria, but this study establishes the direct implications of DOS in scouting novel motifs with anti-malarial activity.

Dataset Information

Asymmetric and Site-Selective [3 + 2]-Annulations for the Synthesis of High-Value Bicyclic Lactams.

Publications

Asymmetric and Site-Selective [3 + 2]-Annulations for the Synthesis of High-Value Bicyclic Lactams.

Similar Datasets

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