Dataset Information

Temporal trends in renal function and birthweight in Japanese adolescent males (1998-2015).

ABSTRACT:

Background

Low birthweight (LBW) is a worldwide public health problem, demonstrating an increasing incidence in developed countries, including Japan. LBW is also a risk factor for later development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date, studies have not evaluated the population impacts of increasing LBW rates on renal function.

Methods

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated in 3737 Japanese adolescent males (15-16 years old) using annual cross-sectional data over an 18-year period (1998-2015).

Results

Between the initial (1998-2003) and final (2010-15) periods of the study, the mean birthweight decreased from 3213.4?±?383.8 to 3116.2?±?382.3?g and the LBW rate increased from 2.5 to 5.5% (both P???0.01). Additionally, the mean eGFR decreased from 105.1?±?15.9 to 97.4?±?13.8?mL/min/1.73 m2 and the prevalence of mildly reduced renal function (eGFR ??60-?<90 mL/min/1.73 m2) increased from 16.4 to 30.0% (both P???0.01), most evident in the LBW group (from 10.3 to 41.7%, P??0.01). The prevalence of proteinuria also increased significantly. Mildly reduced renal function was significantly associated with LBW [odds ratio (LBW 3000-3999?g) 1.51; 95% confidence interval 1.00-2.55; P?=?0.047].

Conclusions

In this population of Japanese adolescents, the frequency of mildly reduced renal function increased as the LBW frequency increased. Our findings may have implications for the broader Japanese population as well as for other populations in which the prevalence of LBW is increasing.

SUBMITTER: Kanda T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5837670 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Temporal trends in renal function and birthweight in Japanese adolescent males (1998-2015).

Kanda Takeshi T Takeda Ayano A Hirose Hiroshi H Abe Takayuki T Urai Hidenori H Inokuchi Mikako M Wakino Shu S Tokumura Mitsuaki M Itoh Hiroshi H Kawabe Hiroshi H

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 20180201 2

<h4>Background</h4>Low birthweight (LBW) is a worldwide public health problem, demonstrating an increasing incidence in developed countries, including Japan. LBW is also a risk factor for later development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date, studies have not evaluated the population impacts of increasing LBW rates on renal function.<h4>Methods</h4>Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated in 3737 Japanese adolescent males (15-16 years old) using annual cross-sectional data ...[more]

PMID: 28339560

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Project description:BackgroundThe 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) is an excellent measure of both functional endurance and health. The primary aim of this study was to estimate temporal trends in 6MWD for older Japanese adults between 1998 and 2017; the secondary aim was to estimate concurrent trends in body size (i.e., height and mass) and self-reported participation in exercise/sport.MethodsAdults aged 65-79 years were included. Annual nationally representative 6MWD data (n = 103,505) for the entire period were obtained from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Temporal trends in means (and relative frequencies) were estimated at the gender-age level by best-fitting sample-weighted linear/polynomial regression models, with national trends estimated by a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Temporal trends in distributional variability were estimated as the ratio of coefficients of variation.ResultsBetween 1998 and 2017 there was a steady, moderate improvement in mean 6MWD (absolute = 45 m (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 43-47); percent = 8.0% (95%CI: 7.6%-8.4%); effect size = 0.51 (95%CI: 0.48-0.54)). Gender- and age-related temporal differences in means were negligible. Variability in 6MWD declined substantially (ratio of coefficients of variation = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.87-0.92), with declines larger for women compared to men, and for 75-79-year-olds compared to 65-74-year-olds. Correspondingly, there were moderate and negligible increases in mean height and mass, respectively, and negligible increases in the percentage who participated in exercise/sport at least 3 days per week and at least 30 min per session.ConclusionThere has been a steady, moderate improvement in mean 6MWD for older Japanese adults since 1998, which is suggestive of corresponding improvements in both functional endurance and health. The substantial decline in variability indicates that the temporal improvement in mean 6MWD was not uniform across the distribution. Trends in 6MWD are probably influenced by corresponding trends in body size and/or participation in exercise/sport.

Project description:BackgroundOlder adults are increasingly admitted to the ICU, and those with disabilities, dementia, frailty, and multimorbidity are vulnerable to adverse outcomes. Little is known about how pre-existing geriatric conditions have changed over time.Research questionHow have changes in disability, dementia, frailty, and multimorbidity in older adults admitted to the ICU changed from 1998 through 2015?Study design and methodsMedicare-linked Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) data identifying patients 65 years of age and older admitted to an ICU between 1998 and 2015. ICU admission was the unit of analysis. Year of ICU admission was the exposure. Disability, dementia, frailty, and multimorbidity were identified based on responses to HRS surveys before ICU admission. Disability represented the need for assistance with ≥ 1 activity of daily living. Dementia used cognitive and functional measures. Frailty included deficits in ≥ 2 domains (physical, nutritive, cognitive, or sensory function). Multimorbidity represented ≥ 3 self-reported chronic diseases. Time trends in geriatric conditions were modeled as a function of year of ICU admission and were adjusted for age, sex, race or ethnicity, and proxy interview status.ResultsAcross 6,084 ICU patients, age at admission increased from 77.6 years (95% CI, 76.7-78.4 years) in 1998 to 78.7 years (95% CI, 77.5-79.8 years) in 2015 (P < .001 for trend). The adjusted proportion of ICU admissions with pre-existing disability rose from 15.5% (95% CI, 12.1%-18.8%) in 1998 to 24.0% (95% CI, 18.5%-29.6%) in 2015 (P = .001). Rates of dementia did not change significantly (P = .21). Frailty increased from 36.6% (95% CI, 30.9%-42.3%) in 1998 to 45.0% (95% CI, 39.7%-50.2%) in 2015 (P = .04); multimorbidity rose from 54.4% (95% CI, 49.2%-59.7%) in 1998 to 71.8% (95% CI, 66.3%-77.2%) in 2015 (P < .001).InterpretationRates of pre-existing disability, frailty, and multimorbidity in older adults admitted to ICUs increased over time. Geriatric principles need to be deeply integrated into the ICU setting.

Dataset Information

Temporal trends in renal function and birthweight in Japanese adolescent males (1998-2015).

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Temporal trends in renal function and birthweight in Japanese adolescent males (1998-2015).

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