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Change in visceral adiposity is an independent predictor of future arterial pulse pressure.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Pulse pressure (PP), a marker of arterial stiffness, and body composition are both risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Little is known about whether changes in body composition may be linked to future PP. We sought to determine whether change in amount of abdominal and thigh fat over 5 years predicted PP at 10 years. METHODS:Visceral fat as well as abdominal and thigh subcutaneous fat areas were measured by computed tomography at baseline and 5 years later in 284 Japanese Americans (mean age 49.3 years; 50.4% men) without hypertension, heart disease, and glucose-lowering medication use at baseline. PP at 10 years was calculated as the difference between SBP and DBP measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer. The association between change in fat at 5 years and arterial PP at 10 years, adjusted for baseline PP, was examined using linear regression analysis. MAIN RESULTS:Change in abdominal visceral fat area at 5 years was positively associated with 10-year PP independent of sex, 5-year change in BMI, and baseline age, BMI, PP, abdominal visceral fat, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, and fasting plasma glucose. There were no significant associations between baseline amounts or change in abdominal or thigh subcutaneous fat areas and future PP. CONCLUSION:The accumulation of abdominal visceral fat over time independently predicted future PP in Japanese Americans.

SUBMITTER: Han SJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5843562 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Change in visceral adiposity is an independent predictor of future arterial pulse pressure.

Han Seung Jin SJ Fujimoto Wilfred Y WY Kahn Steven E SE Leonetti Donna L DL Boyko Edward J EJ

Journal of hypertension 20180201 2

<h4>Objectives</h4>Pulse pressure (PP), a marker of arterial stiffness, and body composition are both risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Little is known about whether changes in body composition may be linked to future PP. We sought to determine whether change in amount of abdominal and thigh fat over 5 years predicted PP at 10 years.<h4>Methods</h4>Visceral fat as well as abdominal and thigh subcutaneous fat areas were measured by computed tomography at baseline and 5 years later in 284 J ...[more]

PMID: 28857792

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:Assessment of local arterial properties has become increasingly important in cardiovascular research as well as in clinical domains. Vascular wall stiffness indices are related to local pulse pressure (?P) level, mechanical and geometrical characteristics of the arterial vessel. Non-invasive evaluation of local ?P from the central arteries (aorta and carotid) is not straightforward in a non-specialist clinical setting. In this work, we present a method and system for real-time and beat-by-beat evaluation of local ?P from superficial arteries-a non-invasive, cuffless and calibration-free technique. METHODS:The proposed technique uses a bi-modal arterial compliance probe which consisted of two identical magnetic plethysmograph (MPG) sensors located at 23 mm distance apart and a single-element ultrasound transducer. Simultaneously measured local pulse wave velocity (PWV) and arterial dimensions were used in a mathematical model for calibration-free evaluation of local ?P. The proposed approach was initially verified using an arterial flow phantom, with invasive pressure catheter as the reference device. The developed porotype device was validated on 22 normotensive human subjects (age = 24.5 ± 4 years). Two independent measurements of local ?P from the carotid artery were made during physically relaxed and post-exercise condition. RESULTS:Phantom-based verification study yielded a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.93 (p < 0.001) for estimated ?P versus reference brachial ?P, with a non-significant bias and standard deviation of error equal to 1.11 mmHg and ±1.97 mmHg respectively. The ability of the developed system to acquire high-fidelity waveforms (dual MPG signals and ultrasound echoes from proximal and distal arterial walls) from the carotid artery was demonstrated by the in-vivo validation study. The group average beat-to-beat variation in measured carotid local PWV, arterial diameter parameters-distension and end-diastolic diameter, and local ?P were 4.2%, 2.6%, 3.3%, and 10.2% respectively in physically relaxed condition. Consistent with the physiological phenomenon, local ?P measured from the carotid artery of young populations was, on an average, 22 mmHg lower than the reference ?P obtained from the brachial artery. Like the reference brachial blood pressure (BP) monitor, the developed prototype device reliably captured variations in carotid local ?P induced by an external intervention. CONCLUSION:This technique could provide a direct measurement of local PWV, arterial dimensions, and a calibration-free estimate of beat-by-beat local ?P. It can be potentially extended for calibration-free cuffless BP measurement and non-invasive characterization of central arteries with locally estimated biomechanical properties.

Dataset Information

Change in visceral adiposity is an independent predictor of future arterial pulse pressure.

Publications

Change in visceral adiposity is an independent predictor of future arterial pulse pressure.

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