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Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems.

ABSTRACT: Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are characterized by effector modules that consist of a single multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the discovery of novel class 2 variants and used it to identify six new CRISPR-Cas subtypes. The diverse properties of these new systems provide potential for the development of versatile tools for genome editing and regulation. In this Analysis article, we present a comprehensive census of class 2 types and class 2 subtypes in complete and draft bacterial and archaeal genomes, outline evolutionary scenarios for the independent origin of different class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems from mobile genetic elements, and propose an amended classification and nomenclature of CRISPR-Cas.

SUBMITTER: Shmakov S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5851899 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems.

Shmakov Sergey S Smargon Aaron A Scott David D Cox David D Pyzocha Neena N Yan Winston W Abudayyeh Omar O OO Gootenberg Jonathan S JS Makarova Kira S KS Wolf Yuri I YI Severinov Konstantin K Zhang Feng F Koonin Eugene V EV

Nature reviews. Microbiology 20170123 3

Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are characterized by effector modules that consist of a single multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the discovery of novel class 2 variants and used it to identify six new CRISPR-Cas subtypes. The diverse properties of these new systems provide potential for the development of versatile tools for genome editing and regulation. In this Analysis article, we present a comprehensive census of class 2 types and class 2 subtypes ...[more]

PMID: 28111461

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