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A Lachnospiraceae-dominated bacterial signature in the fecal microbiota of HIV-infected individuals from Colombia, South America.

ABSTRACT: HIV infection has a tremendous impact on the immune system's proper functioning. The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is significantly disarrayed during HIV infection. Compositional changes in the gut microbiota might contribute to the mucosal barrier disruption, and consequently to microbial translocation. We performed an observational, cross-sectional study aimed at evaluating changes in the fecal microbiota of HIV-infected individuals from Colombia. We analyzed the fecal microbiota of 37 individuals via 16S rRNA gene sequencing; 25 HIV-infected patients and 12 control (non-infected) individuals, which were similar in body mass index, age, gender balance and socioeconomic status. To the best of our knowledge, no such studies have been conducted in Latin American countries. Given its compositional nature, microbiota data were normalized and transformed using Aitchison's Centered Log-Ratio. Overall, a change in the network structure in HIV-infected patients was revealed by using the SPIEC-EASI MB tool. Genera such as Blautia, Dorea, Yersinia, Escherichia-Shigella complex, Staphylococcus, and Bacteroides were highly relevant in HIV-infected individuals. Differential abundance analysis by both sparse Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis and Random Forest identified a greater abundance of Lachnospiraceae-OTU69, Blautia, Dorea, Roseburia, and Erysipelotrichaceae in HIV-infected individuals. We show here, for the first time, a predominantly Lachnospiraceae-based signature in HIV-infected individuals.

SUBMITTER: San-Juan-Vergara H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5852036 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Lachnospiraceae-dominated bacterial signature in the fecal microbiota of HIV-infected individuals from Colombia, South America.

San-Juan-Vergara Homero H Zurek Eduardo E Ajami Nadim J NJ Mogollon Christian C Peña Mario M Portnoy Ivan I Vélez Jorge I JI Cadena-Cruz Christian C Diaz-Olmos Yirys Y Hurtado-Gómez Leidy L Sanchez-Sit Silvana S Hernández Danitza D Urruchurtu Irina I Di-Ruggiero Pierina P Guardo-García Ella E Torres Nury N Vidal-Orjuela Oscar O Viasus Diego D Petrosino Joseph F JF Cervantes-Acosta Guillermo G

Scientific reports 20180314 1

HIV infection has a tremendous impact on the immune system's proper functioning. The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is significantly disarrayed during HIV infection. Compositional changes in the gut microbiota might contribute to the mucosal barrier disruption, and consequently to microbial translocation. We performed an observational, cross-sectional study aimed at evaluating changes in the fecal microbiota of HIV-infected individuals from Colombia. We analyzed the fecal microbiota of ...[more]

PMID: 29540734

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Project description:UnlabelledFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a highly effective treatment for refractoryClostridium difficileinfections. However, concerns persist about unwanted cotransfer of pathogenic microbes such as viruses. Here we studed FMT from a single healthy human donor to three pediatric ulcerative colitis patients, each of whom received a course of 22 to 30 FMT treatments. Viral particles were purified from donor and recipient stool samples and sequenced; the reads were then assembled into contigs corresponding to viral genomes or partial genomes. Transfer of selected viruses was confirmed by quantitative PCR. Viral contigs present in the donor could be readily detected in recipients, with up to 32 different donor viral contigs appearing in a recipient sample. Reassuringly, none of these were viruses are known to replicate on human cells. Instead, viral contigs either scored as bacteriophage or could not be attributed taxonomically, suggestive of unstudied phage. The two most frequently transferred gene types were associated with temperate-phage replication. In addition, members ofSiphoviridae, the group of typically temperate phages that includes phage lambda, were found to be transferred with significantly greater efficiency than other groups. On the basis of these findings, we propose that the temperate-phage replication style may promote efficient phage transfer between human individuals. In summary, we documented transfer of multiple viral lineages between human individuals through FMT, but in this case series, none were from viral groups known to infect human cells.ImportanceTransfer of whole communities of viruses between humans has rarely been studied but is of likely medical importance. Here we studied fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a highly successful treatment for relapsingClostridium difficileinfection and, potentially, other gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. We investigated the transfer of viral communities during FMT and documented transfer of multiple viral lineages between humans. None of these were viruses that replicated on animal cells or that are known to be pathogenic. We found that temperate bacteriophage, which form stable associations with their hosts, were significantly more likely to be transferred during FMT. This supports a model in which the viral temperate replication style may have evolved in part to support efficient viral transmission between environments.

Dataset Information

A Lachnospiraceae-dominated bacterial signature in the fecal microbiota of HIV-infected individuals from Colombia, South America.

Publications

A Lachnospiraceae-dominated bacterial signature in the fecal microbiota of HIV-infected individuals from Colombia, South America.

Similar Datasets

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