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Long-term effect of critical illness after severe paediatric burn injury on cardiac function in adolescent survivors: an observational study.

ABSTRACT: Background:Sepsis, trauma, and burn injury acutely depress systolic and diastolic cardiac function; data on long-term cardiac sequelae of pediatric critical illness are sparse. This study evaluated long-term systolic and diastolic function, myocardial fibrosis, and exercise tolerance in survivors of severe pediatric burn injury. Methods:Subjects at least 5 years after severe burn (post-burn:PB) and age-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent echocardiography to quantify systolic function (ejection fraction[EF%]), diastolic function (E/e'), and myocardial fibrosis (calibrated integrated backscatter) of the left ventricle. Exercise tolerance was quantified by oxygen consumption (VO2) and heart rate at rest and peak exercise. Demographic information, clinical data, and biomarker expression were used to predict long-term cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. Findings:Sixty-five subjects (PB:40;HC:25) were evaluated. At study date, PB subjects were 19±5 years, were at 12±4 years postburn, and had burns over 59±19% of total body surface area, sustained at 8±5 years of age. The PB group had lower EF% (PB:52±9%;HC:61±6%; p=0.004), E/e' (PB:9.8±2.9;HC: 5.4±0.9;p<0.0001), VO2peak (PB:37.9±12;HC: 46±8.32 ml/min/kg; p=0.029), and peak heart rate (PB:161±26;HC:182±13bpm;p=0.007). The PB group had moderate (28%) or severe (15%) systolic dysfunction, moderate (50%) or severe diastolic dysfunction (21%), and myocardial fibrosis (18%). Biomarkers and clinical parameters predicted myocardial fibrosis, systolic dysfunction, and diastolic dysfunction. Interpretation:Severe pediatric burn injury may have lasting impact on cardiac function into young adulthood and is associated with myocardial fibrosis and reduced exercise tolerance. Given the strong predictive value of systolic and diastolic dysfunction, these patients might be at increased risk for early heart failure, associated morbidity, and mortality. Funding:Conflicts of Interest and Sources of Funding: The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to declare. This work was supported by NIH (P50 GM060338, R01 GM056687, R01 HD049471, R01 GM112936, R01-GM56687 and T32 GM008256), NIDILRR (H133A120091, 90DP00430100), Shriners Hospitals for Children (84080, 79141, 79135, 71009, 80100, 71008, 87300 and 71000), FAER (MRTG CON14876), and the Department of Defense (W81XWH-14-2-0162 and W81XWH1420162). It was also made possible with the support of UTMB's Institute for Translational Sciences, supported in part by a Clinical and Translational Science Award (UL1TR000071) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NIH).

SUBMITTER: Hundeshagen G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5865217 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Long-term effect of critical illness after severe paediatric burn injury on cardiac function in adolescent survivors: an observational study.

Hundeshagen Gabriel G Herndon David N DN Clayton Robert P RP Wurzer Paul P McQuitty Alexis A Jennings Kristofer K Branski Ludwik L Collins Vanessa N VN Marques Nicole Ribeiro NR Finnerty Celeste C CC Suman Oscar E OE Kinsky Michael P MP

The Lancet. Child & adolescent health 20171020 4

<h4>Background</h4>Sepsis, trauma, and burn injury acutely depress systolic and diastolic cardiac function; data on long-term cardiac sequelae of pediatric critical illness are sparse. This study evaluated long-term systolic and diastolic function, myocardial fibrosis, and exercise tolerance in survivors of severe pediatric burn injury.<h4>Methods</h4>Subjects at least 5 years after severe burn (post-burn:PB) and age-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent echocardiography to quantify systolic f ...[more]

PMID: 29581998

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Project description:BackgroundNo evidence based recommendations for micronutrient requirements during paediatric critical illness are available, other than those arising from recommended nutrient intakes (RNI) for healthy children and expert opinion.ObjectivesThe objective of this review is to examine the available evidence from micronutrient status in critically ill children considering studies which describe 1) micronutrient levels, 2) associations between micronutrient levels and clinical outcome, and 3) impact on clinical outcome with micronutrient supplementation during PICU admission.DesignScoping review.Eligibility criteriaAny study which used a qualitative and quantitative design considering causes and consequences of micronutrient levels or micronutrient supplementation during paediatric critical illness.Sources of evidenceNICE Healthcare Databases Advanced Search website (https://hdas.nice.org.uk/) was used as a tool for multiple searches, with a content analysis and charting of data extracted.Results711 records were identified, 35 were included in the review. Studies evaluated serum micronutrient status was determined on admission day in majority of patients. A content analysis identified (n = 49) initial codes, (n = 14) sub-categories and (n = 5) overarching themes during critical illness, which were identified as: i) low levels of micronutrients, ii) causes of aberrant micronutrient levels, iii) associations between micronutrients levels and outcome, iv) supplementation of micronutrients.ConclusionDuring critical illness, micronutrients should be provided in sufficient amounts to meet reference nutrient intakes for age. Although, there is insufficient data to recommend routine supplementations of micronutrients at higher doses during critical illness, the 'absence of evidence should not imply evidence of absence', and well designed prospective studies are urgently needed to elucidate paediatric micronutrient requirements during critical illness. The absence of reliable biomarkers make it challenging to determine whether low serum levels are reflective of a true deficiency or as a result redistribution, particularly during the acute phase of critical illness. As more children continue to survive a PICU admission, particularly those with complex diseases micronutrient supplementation research should also be inclusive of the recovery phase following critical illness.

Project description:BackgroundPatient survival after severe burn injury is largely determined by burn size. Modern developments in burn care have greatly improved survival and outcomes. However, no large analysis of outcomes in paediatric burn patients with present treatment regimens exists. This study was designed to identify the burn size associated with significant increases in morbidity and mortality in paediatric patients.MethodsWe undertook a single-centre prospective observational cohort study using clinical data for paediatric patients with burns of at least 30% of their total body surface area (TBSA). Patients were stratified by burn size in 10% increments, ranging from 30% to 100% TBSA, with a secondary assignment made according to the outcome of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Statistical analysis was done with Student's t test, ?(2) test, logistic regression, and ROC analysis, as appropriate, with significance set at p<0·05.Findings952 severely burned paediatric patients were admitted to the centre between 1998 and 2008. All groups were comparable in age (mean 7·3 [SD 5·3] years, ranging from 6·1 [5·1] years in the 30-39% TBSA group to 9·6 [5·4] years in the 90-100% TBSA group) and sex distribution (628 [66%] boys, ranging from 59% [73/123] in the 60-69% TBSA group to 82% [42/51] in the 90-100% TBSA group). 123 (13%) patients died (increasing from 3% [five of 180] in the 30-39% TBSA group to 55% [28/51] in the 90-100% TBSA group; p<0·0001), 154 (16%) developed multiorgan failure (increasing from 6% [ten] in the 30-39% TBSA group to 45% [23] in the 90-100% TBSA group; p<0·0001), and 89 (9%) had sepsis (increasing from 2% [three] in the 30-39% TBSA group to 26% [13] in the 90-100% TBSA group; p<0·0001). Burn size of 62% TBSA was a crucial threshold for mortality (odds ratio 10·07, 95% CI 5·56-18·22, p<0·0001).InterpretationWe established that, in a modern paediatric burn care setting, a burn size of roughly 60% TBSA is a crucial threshold for postburn morbidity and mortality. On the basis of these findings, we recommend that paediatric patients with greater than 60% TBSA burns be immediately transferred to a specialised burn centre. Furthermore, at the burn centre, patients should be treated with increased vigilance and improved therapies, in view of the increased risk of poor outcome associated with this burn size.FundingShriners Hospitals for Children, US National Institutes of Health, US National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Institute for Translational Sciences, CFI Leaders Opportunity Fund, Physicians' Services Incorporated Foundation.

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Long-term effect of critical illness after severe paediatric burn injury on cardiac function in adolescent survivors: an observational study.

Publications

Long-term effect of critical illness after severe paediatric burn injury on cardiac function in adolescent survivors: an observational study.

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