Dataset Information

Is ambient air pollution associated with onset of sudden infant death syndrome: a case-crossover study in the UK.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Air pollution has been associated with increased mortality and morbidity in several studies with indications that its effect could be more severe in children. This study examined the relationship between short-term variations in criteria air pollutants and occurrence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

Design

We used a case-crossover study design which is widely applied in air pollution studies and particularly useful for estimating the risk of a rare acute outcome associated with short-term exposure.

Setting

The study used data from the West Midlands region in the UK.

Participants

We obtained daily time series data on SIDS mortality (ICD-9: 798.0 or ICD-10: R95) for the period 1996-2006 with a total of 211 SIDS events.

Primary outcome measures

Daily counts of SIDS events.

Results

For an IQR increase in previous day pollutant concentration, the percentage increases (95% CI) in SIDS were 16 (6 to 27) for PM₁₀, 1 (-7 to 10) for SO₂, 5 (-4 to 14) for CO, -17 (-27 to -6) for O₃, 16 (2 to 31) for NO₂ and 2 (-3 to 8) for NO after controlling for average temperature and national holidays. PM₁₀ and NO₂ showed relatively consistent association which persisted across different lag structures and after adjusting for copollutants.

Conclusions

The results indicated ambient air pollutants, particularly PM₁₀ and NO₂, may show an association with increased SIDS mortality. Thus, future studies are recommended to understand possible mechanistic explanations on the role of air pollution on SIDS incidence and the ways in which we might reduce pollution exposure among infants.

SUBMITTER: Litchfield IJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5898297 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Is ambient air pollution associated with onset of sudden infant death syndrome: a case-crossover study in the UK.

Litchfield Ian J IJ Ayres Jon G JG Jaakkola Jouni J K JJK Mohammed Nuredin I NI

BMJ open 20180412 4

<h4>Objectives</h4>Air pollution has been associated with increased mortality and morbidity in several studies with indications that its effect could be more severe in children. This study examined the relationship between short-term variations in criteria air pollutants and occurrence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).<h4>Design</h4>We used a case-crossover study design which is widely applied in air pollution studies and particularly useful for estimating the risk of a rare acute outcome ...[more]

PMID: 29654005

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Project description:BackgroundInfluenza imposes a heavy burden on public health. Little is known, however, of the associations between detailed measures of exposure to ambient air pollution and influenza at an individual level.ObjectiveWe examined individual-level associations between six criteria air pollutants and influenza using case-crossover design.MethodsIn this individual-level time-stratified case-crossover study, we linked influenza cases collected by the Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019 with individual residence-level exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and carbon monoxide (CO). The exposures were estimated for the day of onset of influenza symptoms (lag 0), 1-7 d before the onset (lags 1-7), as well as an 8-d moving average (lag07), using a random forest model and linked to study participants' home addresses. Conditional logistic regression was developed to investigate the associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and influenza, adjusting for mean temperature, relative humidity, public holidays, population mobility, and community influenza susceptibility.ResultsN=108,479 eligible cases were identified in our study. Every 10-μg/m3 increase in exposure to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO and every 5-μg/m3 increase in SO2 over 8-d moving average (lag07) was associated with higher risk of influenza with a relative risk (RR) of 1.028 (95% CI: 1.018, 1.038), 1.041 (95% CI: 1.032, 1.049), 1.169 (95% CI: 1.151, 1.188), 1.004 (95% CI: 1.003, 1.006), and 1.134 (95% CI: 1.107, 1.163), respectively. There was a negative association between O3 and influenza with a RR of 0.878 (95% CI: 0.866, 0.890).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that short-term exposure to air pollution, except for O3, is associated with greater risk for influenza. Further studies are necessary to decipher underlying mechanisms and design preventive interventions and policies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12145.

Project description:ObjectiveMigraine is a common recurrent headache disorder affecting 14% American adults. Although weather and air pollution are often reported by patients with migraine as precipitating factors, previous studies have had mixed results.MethodsWe prospectively collected migraine headache onset data using electronic questionnaires from 98 adults with episodic migraine in the Greater Boston area (2016-2017). Each participant was followed for an average of 45 days for a total of 4406 days of observation. Temperature, relative humidity, and barometric pressure data were obtained from local weather station. Daily average fine particulate matter, daily maximum 1-hour sulfur dioxide, daily maximum 1-hour nitrogen dioxide, daily maximum 8-hour ozone, and daily maximum 8-hour carbon monoxide from local air pollution monitors. We conducted a repeated measures analysis using fixed effects logistic regression models. In the models we adjusted for day of week, a natural cubic spline term of day of the year with 4 degrees of freedom, and a participant identifier. We additionally adjusted for linear terms of temperature and relative humidity in the air pollution analyses. We also applied logistic regression models with generalized estimating equation (GEE) and autoregressive correlation structure in the sensitivity analysis.ResultsThe mean age was 35 years and 88% were women. Mean temperature was 56.9 °F, relative humidity 67.3%, and fine particulate matter 7.3 μg/m3. Higher relative humidity was associated with higher odds of migraine headache, but the association was only observed in warm season (April-September). Higher levels of daily maximum 8-hour ozone and daily maximum 8-hour carbon monoxide appeared to be associated with higher odds of migraine headache onset in cold season (October-March). Although the associations for ozone and relative humidity were attenuated and no longer statistically significant in the overall GEE analysis, the differing associations by season remained.ConclusionsWe found that higher relative humidity was associated with higher odds of migraine headache onset in warm season, and traffic-related gaseous pollutants may be associated with higher odds of migraine headache onset in cold season.

Dataset Information

Is ambient air pollution associated with onset of sudden infant death syndrome: a case-crossover study in the UK.

Objectives

Design

Setting

Participants

Primary outcome measures

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Is ambient air pollution associated with onset of sudden infant death syndrome: a case-crossover study in the UK.

Similar Datasets

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