Dataset Information

Underwater near-infrared spectroscopy can measure training adaptations in adolescent swimmers.

ABSTRACT: The development of an underwater near-infrared spectroscopy (uNIRS) device has enabled previously unattainable measurements of peripheral muscle hemodynamics and oxygenation to be taken within the natural aquatic environment. The purposes of this study were (i) to trial the use of uNIRS, in a real world training study, and (ii) to monitor the effects of a swim training program upon muscle oxygenation status in short distance swimming. A total of 14 junior club level swimmers completed a repeated swim sprint test before and after an eight week endurance training program. A waterproof, portable Near-Infrared Spectroscopy device was attached to the vastus lateralis. uNIRS successfully measured changes in muscle oxygenation and blood volume in all individuals; rapid sub-second time resolution of the device was able to demonstrate muscle oxygenation changes during the characteristic swim movements. Post training heart rate recovery and swim performance time were significantly improved. uNIRS data also showed significant changes. A larger rise in deoxyhemoglobin during individual sprints suggested training induced an increase in muscle oxygen extraction; a faster recovery time for muscle oxygenation suggested positive training induced changes and significant changes in muscle blood flow also occur. As a strong correlation was seen between an increased reoxygenation rate and an improved swim performance time, these findings support the use of uNIRS as a new performance analysis tool in swimming.

SUBMITTER: Jones B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5912205 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Underwater near-infrared spectroscopy can measure training adaptations in adolescent swimmers.

Jones Ben B Parry Dave D Cooper Chris E CE

PeerJ 20180420

The development of an underwater near-infrared spectroscopy (uNIRS) device has enabled previously unattainable measurements of peripheral muscle hemodynamics and oxygenation to be taken within the natural aquatic environment. The purposes of this study were (i) to trial the use of uNIRS, in a real world training study, and (ii) to monitor the effects of a swim training program upon muscle oxygenation status in short distance swimming. A total of 14 junior club level swimmers completed a repeated ...[more]

PMID: 29692951

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Project description:Skeletal muscle metabolic function is known to respond positively to exercise interventions. Developing non-invasive techniques that quantify metabolic adaptations and identifying interventions that impart successful response are ongoing challenges for research. Healthy non-athletic adults (18-35 years old) were enrolled in a study investigating physiological adaptations to a minimum of 16 weeks endurance training prior to undertaking their first marathon. Before beginning training, participants underwent measurements of skeletal muscle oxygen consumption using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) at rest (resting muscle[Formula: see text]O2) and immediately following a maximal exercise test (post-exercise muscle[Formula: see text]O2). Exercise-related increase in muscle[Formula: see text]O2 (Δm[Formula: see text]O2) was derived from these measurements and cardio-pulmonary peak[Formula: see text]O2 measured by analysis of expired gases. All measurements were repeated within 3 weeks of participants completing following the marathon and marathon completion time recorded. Muscle[Formula: see text]O2 was positively correlated with cardio-pulmonary peak[Formula: see text]O2 (r = 0.63, p < 0.001). Muscle[Formula: see text]O2 increased at follow-up (48% increase; p = 0.004) despite no change in cardio-pulmonary peak[Formula: see text]O2 (0% change; p = 0.97). Faster marathon completion time correlated with higher cardio-pulmonary peak[Formula: see text]O2 (rpartial = -0.58, p = 0.002) but not muscle[Formula: see text]O2 (rpartial = 0.16, p = 0.44) after adjustment for age and sex [and adipose tissue thickness (ATT) for muscle[Formula: see text]O2 measurements]. Skeletal muscle metabolic adaptions occur following training and completion of a first-time marathon; these can be identified non-invasively using NIRS. Although the cardio-pulmonary system is limiting for running performance, skeletal muscle changes can be detected despite minimal improvement in cardio-pulmonary function.

Dataset Information

Underwater near-infrared spectroscopy can measure training adaptations in adolescent swimmers.

Publications

Underwater near-infrared spectroscopy can measure training adaptations in adolescent swimmers.

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