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Diabetic retinopathy is associated with the presence and burden of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular (CV) disease due to atherosclerosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adult patients with diabetes, either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The aim of the study was to assess the association of the frequency and the burden of subclinical carotid atherosclerotic disease in patients with type 1 diabetes according to the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted in 340 patients with type 1 diabetes (41.5% with DR), and in 304 non-diabetic individuals. All participants were free from previous CV disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD). B-mode carotid ultrasound imaging was performed in all the study subjects. Patients with type 1 diabetes underwent a full eye examination, and DR patients were divided into two groups: mild disease and advanced disease. RESULTS:In the group of patients with type 1 diabetes, the percentage of patients with carotid plaques was higher in those with DR compared with those without DR (44.7% vs. 24.1%, p < 0.001). Patients with DR also presented a higher incidence of ≥ 2 carotid plaques (25.5% vs. 11.1%, p < 0.001). Apart from other traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the presence of advanced stages of DR was independently associated with the presence (p = 0.044) and the burden (≥ 2 carotid plaques; p = 0.009) of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS:In patients with type 1 diabetes without previous CV disease or established CKD, the presence of advanced stages of DR is associated with a higher atherosclerotic burden in the carotid arteries. The presence of DR identifies patients at risk for carotid atherosclerotic disease.

SUBMITTER: Carbonell M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5935933 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Calcium Phosphate Product Is Associated with Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes.

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EDN1 Lys198Asn is associated with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes.

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Project description:BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increased risks of diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, data on the impact of MS and its individual components on subclinical atherosclerosis (SCA) according to diabetes status are scarce.MethodsSurrogate markers of SCA, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT) and plaque were assessed in 2,560 subjects (60?±?8 years, 33% men) who participated in baseline health examinations for a community-based cohort study.ResultsThe participants included 2,149 non-diabetics (84%) and 411 diabetics (16%); 667 non-diabetics (31%) and 285 diabetics (69%) had MS, respectively. Diabetics had significantly higher baPWV and carotid IMT, and more plaques than non-diabetics (p?<?0.001, respectively). Individuals with MS had significantly higher baPWV and carotid IMT than those without MS only among non-diabetics (p?<?0.001, respectively). Among MS components, increased blood pressure was significantly associated with the exacerbation of all SCA markers in non-diabetics. The number of MS components was significantly correlated with both baPWV and carotid IMT in non-diabetics (baPWV: r?=?0.302, p?<?0.001; carotid IMT: r?=?0.217, p?<?0.001). Multiple regression showed both MS and diabetes were significantly associated with baPWV (p?<?0.001, respectively), carotid IMT (MS: p?<?0.001; diabetes: p?=?0.005), and the presence of plaque (MS: p?=?0.041; diabetes: p?=?0.002).ConclusionsMS has an incremental impact on SCA in conditions without diabetes. The identification of MS and its individual components is more important for the risk stratification of CVD in non-diabetic individuals.

| S-EPMC3599532 | biostudies-literature

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