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Extended-conjugation ?-electron systems in carbon nanotubes.

ABSTRACT: Extending ?-electron systems are among the most important topics in physics, chemistry and materials science because they can result in functional materials with applications in electronics and optics. Conventional processes for ?-electron extension, however, can generate products exhibiting chemical instability, poor solubility or disordered structures. Herein, we report a novel strategy for the synthesis of ?-conjugated polymers within the interiors of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In this process, thiophene-based oligomers are encapsulated within CNTs as precursors and are subsequently polymerized by thermal annealing. This polymerization increases the effective conjugation length of the thiophenes, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and absorption peak red shifts. This work also demonstrates that these polythiophenes can serve as effective markers for individual CNTs during Raman imaging with single-wavelength laser excitation due to their strong absorbance. In addition, stable carrier injection into the encapsulated polythiophenes is found to be possible via electrochemical doping. Such doping has the potential to produce ?-electron-based one-dimensional conductive wires and highly stable electrochromic devices.

SUBMITTER: Miyaura K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5970159 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Extended-conjugation π-electron systems in carbon nanotubes.

Miyaura Kenshi K Miyata Yasumitsu Y Thendie Boanerges B Yanagi Kazuhiro K Kitaura Ryo R Yamamoto Yuta Y Arai Shigeo S Kataura Hiromichi H Shinohara Hisanori H

Scientific reports 20180525 1

Extending π-electron systems are among the most important topics in physics, chemistry and materials science because they can result in functional materials with applications in electronics and optics. Conventional processes for π-electron extension, however, can generate products exhibiting chemical instability, poor solubility or disordered structures. Herein, we report a novel strategy for the synthesis of π-conjugated polymers within the interiors of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In this process, ...[more]

PMID: 29802273

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Project description:Microbial electrochemical systems (MESs) rely on the microbes' ability to transfer charges from their anaerobic respiratory processes to electrodes through extracellular electron transfer (EET). To increase the generally low output signal in devices, advanced bioelectrical interfaces tend to augment this problem by attaching conducting nanoparticles, such as positively charged multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), to the base carbon electrode to electrostatically attract the negatively charged bacterial cell membrane. On the other hand, some reports point to the importance of the magnitude of the surface charge of functionalized single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) as well as the size of functional groups for interaction with the cell membrane, rather than their polarity. To shed light on these phenomena, in this study, we prepared and characterized well-solubilized aqueous dispersions of SWCNTs functionalized by either positively or negatively charged cellulose-derivative polymers, as well as with positively charged or neutral small molecular surfactants, and tested the electrochemical performance of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in MESs in the presence of these functionalized SWCNTs. By simple injection into the MESs, the positively charged polymeric SWCNTs attached to the base carbon felt (CF) electrode, and as fluorescence microscopy revealed, allowed bacteria to attach to these structures. As a result, EET currents continuously increased over several days of monitoring, without bacterial growth in the electrolyte. Negatively charged polymeric SWCNTs also resulted in continuously increasing EET currents and a large number of bacteria on CF, although SWCNTs did not attach to CF. In contrast, SWCNTs functionalized by small-sized surfactants led to a decrease in both currents and the amount of bacteria in the solution, presumably due to the detachment of surfactants from SWCNTs and their detrimental interaction with cells. We expect our results will help researchers in designing materials for smart bioelectrical interfaces for low-scale microbial energy harvesting, sensing, and energy conversion applications.

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Extended-conjugation ?-electron systems in carbon nanotubes.

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Extended-conjugation π-electron systems in carbon nanotubes.

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