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IL-15 supports the generation of protective lung-resident memory CD4 T cells.

ABSTRACT: Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) provide optimal defense at the sites of infection, but signals regulating their development are unclear, especially for CD4 T cells. Here we identify two distinct pathways that lead to the generation of CD4 TRM in the lungs following influenza infection. The TRM are transcriptionally distinct from conventional memory CD4 T cells and share a gene signature with CD8 TRM. The CD4 TRM are superior cytokine producers compared with conventional memory cells, can protect otherwise naive mice against a lethal influenza challenge, and display functional specialization by inducing enhanced inflammatory responses from dendritic cells compared with conventional memory cells. Finally, we demonstrate than an interleukin (IL)-2-dependent and a novel IL-2-independent but IL-15-dependent pathway support the generation of cohorts of lung TRM.

SUBMITTER: Strutt TM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5975122 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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IL-15 supports the generation of protective lung-resident memory CD4 T cells.

Strutt T M TM Dhume K K Finn C M CM Hwang J H JH Castonguay C C Swain S L SL McKinstry K K KK

Mucosal immunology 20171129 3

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) provide optimal defense at the sites of infection, but signals regulating their development are unclear, especially for CD4 T cells. Here we identify two distinct pathways that lead to the generation of CD4 TRM in the lungs following influenza infection. The TRM are transcriptionally distinct from conventional memory CD4 T cells and share a gene signature with CD8 TRM. The CD4 TRM are superior cytokine pr ...[more]

PMID: 29186108

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