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Implementation of Dietary Reference Intake Standards in Preschool Menus in Poland.

ABSTRACT: Although the nutritional value of preschool menus largely determines the proper nutrition of attending children, their nutrient composition often does not meet the standards. The purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional value of menus served in preschools throughout Poland. We analyzed a sample of 10 daily menus and inventory reports reflecting foods and beverages served in 270 full-board government-sponsored preschools. Nutrient content was calculated per child per day, and compared with 70% of dietary reference intake (DRI) for children aged 1?3 and 4?6. The content of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates generally exceeded 70% of DRI. The amount of vitamins was correct, with the exception of vitamin D (100% of daycare centers (DCCs) were below the recommendations); in ?3% of preschools vitamin E, folate, and niacin were below DRI. Calcium was too low in 63% of preschools for children aged 1?3 years and in 99% for 4?6-year-olds. A shortage of iodine, iron, and potassium (especially for 4?6-year-olds) was observed in a small number of preschools. Our study highlights the need for uniform legal standards of nutrition in childcare centers, based on the current recommendations for the age group.

SUBMITTER: Myszkowska-Ryciak J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5986472 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Implementation of Dietary Reference Intake Standards in Preschool Menus in Poland.

Myszkowska-Ryciak Joanna J Harton Anna A

Nutrients 20180510 5

Although the nutritional value of preschool menus largely determines the proper nutrition of attending children, their nutrient composition often does not meet the standards. The purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional value of menus served in preschools throughout Poland. We analyzed a sample of 10 daily menus and inventory reports reflecting foods and beverages served in 270 full-board government-sponsored preschools. Nutrient content was calculated per child per day, and compared w ...[more]

PMID: 29748511

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Project description:BackgroundFolate and cobalamin (vitamin B-12) are essential for growth and development. However, few population-based studies have investigated B-vitamin status in children.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess biomarkers of folate and vitamin B-12 status and to explore their dietary determinants in healthy Norwegian children.MethodsUsing baseline data obtained from a randomized controlled trial on the effect of fish intake on neurodevelopment in children aged 4-6 y, we measured the plasma concentrations of folate, cobalamin, total plasma homocysteine (tHcy), and methylmalonic acid (MMA). Food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were used to assess dietary intake. We used unadjusted and multiple linear regression models to explore the determinants of biomarker concentrations.ResultsThe median (IQR) of plasma folate (n = 197) and plasma cobalamin (n = 195) concentrations were 15.2 (12.2-21.1) nmol/L and 785 (632-905) pmol/L, respectively. Plasma folate concentrations of <10 nmol/L were observed in 13% of the children. No child had a cobalamin concentration <148 pmol/L. Two children were identified with elevated plasma MMA concentrations (>0.26 μmol/L) and 8 children had elevated tHcy concentrations (>6.5 μmol/L). Plasma folate concentration was inversely correlated with tHcy (ρ = -0.24, P < 0.001); we found no correlation between tHcy and cobalamin (ρ = -0.075, P = 0.30). Children who consumed vitamin supplements had 51% higher plasma folate concentrations (P < 0.0001) than those who did not. Consumption of red meat for dinner more than twice a week was associated with 23% lower plasma folate (P < 0.01). No other significant associations between dietary intake and the biomarkers were observed.ConclusionsThe Norwegian preschool children from this cohort had adequate vitamin B-12 status. Poor folate status was common and associated with elevated tHcy. The implications of poor folate status during childhood should be a prioritized research question. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02331667.

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Implementation of Dietary Reference Intake Standards in Preschool Menus in Poland.

Publications

Implementation of Dietary Reference Intake Standards in Preschool Menus in Poland.

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