Dataset Information

Macronutrient composition and food groups associated with gestational weight gain: the GUSTO study.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To examine the associations of energy, macronutrient and food intakes with GWG on 960 pregnant women from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) mother-offspring cohort.

Methods

Dietary intake was assessed at 26-28 weeks' gestation with a 24-hour recall and 3-day food diary. GWG z-scores were calculated from first (4-13 weeks' gestation) and last (30-40 weeks gestation) measured weights; inadequate and excessive GWG were defined using the Institute of Medicine recommendations based on weights between 15 and 35 weeks' gestation. Associations were examined using substitution models for macronutrient composition, with linear or multinomial logistic regressions.

Results

Mean ± SD daily energy intake was 1868 ± 598 kcal, and percentage energy intakes were 51.8 ± 8.9% from carbohydrate, 15.7 ± 3.9% from protein and 32.6 ± 7.7% from fat. Higher energy intake (per 500 kcal increment) was associated with 0.18 SD higher GWG. In isocaloric diets, higher-carbohydrate and lower-fat intakes (at 5% energy substitution) were associated with 0.07 SD higher GWG, and 14% higher likelihood of excessive GWG. Concordantly, the highest tertile of carbohydrate-rich foods intake was associated with 0.20 SD higher GWG, but the highest tertile of fruit and vegetable intake was independently associated with 60% lower likelihood of inadequate GWG. Additionally, the highest tertile of dairy intake was associated with 0.18 SD lower GWG; and the highest tertile of plant-based protein foods intake was associated with 60% and 34% lower likelihood of inadequate and excessive GWG.

Conclusions

Balancing the proportions of carbohydrates and fat, and a higher intake of plant-based protein foods may be beneficial for achieving optimal GWG.

SUBMITTER: Lai JS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5989932 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Macronutrient composition and food groups associated with gestational weight gain: the GUSTO study.

Lai Jun S JS Soh Shu E SE Loy See Ling SL Colega Marjorelee M Kramer Michael S MS Chan Jerry K Y JKY Tan Thiam Chye TC Shek Lynnette P C LPC Yap Fabian K P FKP Tan Kok Hian KH Godfrey Keith M KM Chong Yap Seng YS Chong Mary F F MFF

European journal of nutrition 20180213 3

<h4>Purpose</h4>To examine the associations of energy, macronutrient and food intakes with GWG on 960 pregnant women from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) mother-offspring cohort.<h4>Methods</h4>Dietary intake was assessed at 26-28 weeks' gestation with a 24-hour recall and 3-day food diary. GWG z-scores were calculated from first (4-13 weeks' gestation) and last (30-40 weeks gestation) measured weights; inadequate and excessive GWG were defined using the Institute of ...[more]

PMID: 29441408

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Project description:BackgroundThe association between gestational weight gain and neonatal body composition has been inconsistent, exposing the need for further research. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether gestational weight gain influences the body composition of full-term newborns and infants up to 4 months old.MethodsA cohort study was performed with 124 participants divided into categories of gestational weight gain according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. The anthropometric and body composition data of newborns and infants acquired using air displacement plethysmography (PeaPod®) were collected at 96 h, 1 month, 2 months and 4 months of life. In the statistical analysis, the chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables, and ANOVA was used to analyze numerical variables. Univariate analysis was performed, and the absolute and relative frequencies of the categorical variables, as well as mean and standard deviation of the numerical variables, were obtained. Bivariate analysis was performed for the categories of gestational weight gain and gestational and neonatal characteristics. When adjustments to gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and pregestational body mass index (BMI) were analyzed by linear regression, gestational weight gain remained a significant variable for newborn percent fat mass. For all analyses, a significance level of 5% was adopted.ResultsGestational weight gain was adequate in 33.8% of the participants, excessive in 41.1% and insufficient in 25%. Women with excessive weight gain had higher pregestational BMIs and a higher incidence of gestational hypertension. Their newborns had a higher body mass, body fat mass in grams and percent fat mass than the infants born to mothers with adequate or insufficient gestational weight gain. No significant differences were observed in body composition at 1, 2 and 4 months of life during infant follow-up.ConclusionExcessive gestational weight gain may alter the body composition of newborns at birth. Further studies are required to better evaluate infant follow-up.Trial registrationClinical Trial Registry: NCT00875251 on April 3, 2009.

Dataset Information

Macronutrient composition and food groups associated with gestational weight gain: the GUSTO study.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Macronutrient composition and food groups associated with gestational weight gain: the GUSTO study.

Similar Datasets

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