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Oleuropein, a component of extra virgin olive oil, lowers postprandial glycaemia in healthy subjects.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Extra virgin olive oil lowers postprandial glycaemia. We investigated if oleuropein, a component of extra virgin olive oil, exerts a similar effect on postprandial glycaemia and the underlying mechanism.

Methods

Twenty healthy subjects were randomly allocated in a cross-over design to 20 mg oleuropein or placebo immediately before lunch. Postprandial glycaemia along with blood insulin, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and glucagon-like peptide-1 and oxidative stress, which included soluble NADPH oxidase-derived peptide activity (sNox2-dp), 8-iso-prostaglandin-2? and platelet p47^phox phosphorylation, were analysed before and 2 h after meal.

Results

After 2 h, subjects who assumed oleuropein had significantly lower blood glucose, DPP-4 activity and higher insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 compared to placebo. Furthermore, sNox2-dp, 8-iso-PGF2? and platelet p47^phox phosphorylation were significantly lower in oleuropein- compared to placebo-treated subjects. DPP-4 significantly correlated with sNox2-dp [Spearman's rho (Rs) = 0.615; P < 0.001], p47^phox phosphorylation (Rs = 0.435; P < 0.05) and 8-iso- prostaglandin-2? (Rs = 0.33; P < 0.05). In vitro study demonstrated that hydroxytyrosol, a metabolite of oleuropein, significantly reduced p47^phox phosphorylation and isoprostane formation.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that oleuropein improves postprandial glycaemic profile via hampering Nox2-derived oxidative stress.

SUBMITTER: Carnevale R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6005585 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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