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Weight loss and bone mineral density in obese adults: a longitudinal analysis of the influence of very low energy diets.

ABSTRACT: Background:The long-term effect of weight reduction on skeletal health is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an intensive medical weight loss intervention using very low energy diet (VLED) (~?800 cal/day) that result in significant changes in body weight, on total body bone mineral density (BMD) over 2 years. Methods:We examined the impact of VLED-induced weight loss on BMD and FFM (Fat-free Mass) after 3-6 months and again while in weight maintenance at 2 years in 49 subjects. The effects of absolute and relative rate of weight reduction assessed by change in weight in kilograms were assessed using general linear modeling, with baseline BMD (or FFM) as a covariate, and age, sex and changes in body weight as primary model predictors. Results:At the end of 2 years, the average weight loss was greater for men (weight: 23.51?±?12.5 kg) than women (weight: 16.8?±?19.2 kg) and BMD loss was greater among women (0.03?±?0.04 g/cm2 vs 0.01?±?0.04 g/cm2) (all p?

SUBMITTER: Choksi P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6006774 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Weight loss and bone mineral density in obese adults: a longitudinal analysis of the influence of very low energy diets.

Choksi Palak P Rothberg Amy A Kraftson Andrew A Miller Nicole N Zurales Katherine K Burant Charles C Van Poznak Catherine C Peterson Mark M

Clinical diabetes and endocrinology 20180619

<h4>Background</h4>The long-term effect of weight reduction on skeletal health is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an intensive medical weight loss intervention using very low energy diet (VLED) (~ 800 cal/day) that result in significant changes in body weight, on total body bone mineral density (BMD) over 2 years.<h4>Methods</h4>We examined the impact of VLED-induced weight loss on BMD and FFM (Fat-free Mass) after 3-6 months and again while in weight ...[more]

PMID: 29946482

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Project description:ObjectiveAdministration of FGF21 and FGF21 analogues reduce body weight; improve insulin sensitivity and dyslipidemia in animal models of obesity and in short term clinical trials. However potential adverse effects identified in mice have raised concerns for the development of FGF21 therapeutics. Therefore, this study was designed to address the actions of FGF21 on body weight, glucose and lipid metabolism and importantly its effects on bone mineral density (BMD), bone markers, and plasma cortisol in high-fat fed obese rhesus macaque monkeys.MethodsObese non-diabetic rhesus macaque monkeys (five males and five ovariectomized (OVX) females) were maintained on a high-fat diet and treated for 12 weeks with escalating doses of FGF21. Food intake was assessed daily and body weight weekly. Bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD were measured by DEXA scanning prior to the study and on several occasions throughout the treatment period as well as during washout. Plasma glucose, glucose tolerance, insulin, lipids, cortisol, and bone markers were likewise measured throughout the study.ResultsOn average, FGF21 decreased body weight by 17.6 ± 1.6% after 12 weeks of treatment. No significant effect on food intake was observed. No change in BMC or BMD was observed, while a 2-fold increase in CTX-1, a marker of bone resorption, was seen. Overall glucose tolerance was improved with a small but significant decrease in HbA1C. Furthermore, FGF21 reduced concentrations of plasma triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol. No adverse changes in clinical chemistry markers were demonstrated, and no alterations in plasma cortisol were observed during the study.ConclusionIn conclusion, FGF21 reduced body weight in obese rhesus macaque monkeys without reducing food intake. Furthermore, FGF21 had beneficial effects on body composition, insulin sensitivity, and plasma triglycerides. No adverse effects on bone density or plasma cortisol were observed after 12 weeks of treatment.

Dataset Information

Weight loss and bone mineral density in obese adults: a longitudinal analysis of the influence of very low energy diets.

Publications

Weight loss and bone mineral density in obese adults: a longitudinal analysis of the influence of very low energy diets.

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