Dataset Information

Changes in intestinal microbiota in HIV-1-infected subjects following cART initiation: influence of CD4+ T cell count.

ABSTRACT: The roles of immunodeficiency and combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in shaping the gut microbiota in HIV-1-infected subjects (HISs) have not been described thoroughly by time-series investigations. In this study, 36 antiretroviral-naïve HISs were enrolled to prospectively assess alterations in the fecal microbiota and plasma markers of microbial translocation and inflammation with cART. At baseline, the species ?-diversity of the fecal microbiota was significantly lower in HISs with a CD4+ T cell count <300/mm3 than in HISs with a CD4+ T cell count >300/mm3 (Shannon index: Median 2.557 vs. 2.981, P?=?0.006; Simpson index: Median 0.168 vs. 0.096, P?=?0.004). Additionally, the baseline ?-diversity indices correlated with CD4+ T cell counts (Shannon index: r?=?0.474, P?=?0.004; Simpson index: r?=?-0.467, P?=?0.004) and the specific plasma biomarkers for microbial translocation and inflammation. After cART introduction, the species ?-diversity of fecal microbiota in HISs with CD4+ T cell counts <300/mm3 was significantly restored (Shannon index: Median 2.557 vs. 2.791, P?=?0.007; Simpson index: Median 0.168 vs. 0.112, P?=?0.004), while the variances were insignificant among HISs with CD4+ T cell counts >300/mm3 (Shannon index: Median 2.981 vs. 2.934, P?=?0.179; Simpson index: Median 0.096 vs. 0.119, P?=?0.082). Meanwhile, with cART introduction, alterations in the gut microbial composition were more significant in the subgroup with CD4+ T cell counts >300/mm3, corresponding to increases in the specific plasma inflammatory markers. These findings implicated the interactive roles of immunodeficiency and cART for affecting gut microbiota in HIV-1-infected individuals, providing new insights into intestinal microbiome dysbiosis related to HIV-1 infection.

SUBMITTER: Ji Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6015051 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Changes in intestinal microbiota in HIV-1-infected subjects following cART initiation: influence of CD4+ T cell count.

Ji Yongjia Y Zhang Fengdi F Zhang Renfang R Shen Yinzhong Y Liu Li L Wang Jiangrong J Yang Junyang J Tang Qi Q Xun Jingna J Qi Tangkai T Wang Zhenyan Z Song Wei W Tang Yang Y Chen Jun J Lu Hongzhou H

Emerging microbes & infections 20180622 1

The roles of immunodeficiency and combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in shaping the gut microbiota in HIV-1-infected subjects (HISs) have not been described thoroughly by time-series investigations. In this study, 36 antiretroviral-naïve HISs were enrolled to prospectively assess alterations in the fecal microbiota and plasma markers of microbial translocation and inflammation with cART. At baseline, the species α-diversity of the fecal microbiota was significantly lower in HISs with a CD4<s ...[more]

PMID: 29934497

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Project description:BackgroundThere is conflicting evidence on the immunologic benefit of treating helminth co-infections ("deworming") in HIV-infected individuals. Several studies have documented reduced viral load and increased CD4 count in antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve individuals after deworming. However, there are a lack of data on the effect of deworming therapy on CD4 count recovery among HIV-infected persons taking ART.Methodology/principal findingsTo estimate the association between empiric deworming therapy and CD4 count after ART initiation, we performed a retrospective observational study among HIV-infected adults on ART at a publicly operated HIV clinic in southwestern Uganda. Subjects were assigned as having received deworming if prescribed an anti-helminthic agent between 7 and 90 days before a CD4 test. To estimate the association between deworming and CD4 count, we fit multivariable regression models and analyzed predictors of CD4 count, using a time-by-interaction term with receipt or non-receipt of deworming. From 1998 to 2009, 5,379 subjects on ART attended 21,933 clinic visits at which a CD4 count was measured. Subjects received deworming prior to 668 (3%) visits. Overall, deworming was not associated with a significant difference in CD4 count in either the first year on ART (? = 42.8; 95% CI, -2.1 to 87.7) or after the first year of ART (? = ?-9.9; 95% CI, -24.1 to 4.4). However, in a sub-analysis by gender, during the first year of ART deworming was associated with a significantly greater rise in CD4 count (? = 63.0; 95% CI, 6.0 to 120.1) in females.Conclusions/significanceEmpiric deworming of HIV-infected individuals on ART conferred no significant generalized benefit on subsequent CD4 count recovery. A significant association was observed exclusively in females and during the initial year on ART. Our findings are consistent with recent studies that failed to demonstrate an immunologic advantage to empirically deworming ART-naïve individuals, but suggest that certain sub-populations may benefit.

Dataset Information

Changes in intestinal microbiota in HIV-1-infected subjects following cART initiation: influence of CD4+ T cell count.

Publications

Changes in intestinal microbiota in HIV-1-infected subjects following cART initiation: influence of CD4+ T cell count.

Similar Datasets

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