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Functional connectivity of the human amygdala in health and in depression.

ABSTRACT: To analyse the functioning of the amygdala in depression, we performed the first voxel-level resting state functional-connectivity neuroimaging analysis of depression of voxels in the amygdala with all other voxels in the brain, with 336 patients with major depressive disorder and 350 controls. Amygdala voxels had decreased functional connectivity (FC) with the orbitofrontal cortex, temporal lobe areas, including the temporal pole, inferior temporal gyrus and the parahippocampal gyrus. The reductions in the strengths of the FC of the amygdala voxels with the medial orbitofrontal cortex and temporal lobe voxels were correlated with increases in the Beck Depression Inventory score and in the duration of illness measures of depression. Parcellation analysis in 350 healthy controls based on voxel-level FC showed that the basal division of the amygdala has high FC with medial orbitofrontal cortex areas, and the dorsolateral amygdala has strong FC with the lateral orbitofrontal cortex and related ventral parts of the inferior frontal gyrus. In depression, the basal amygdala division had especially reduced FC with the medial orbitofrontal cortex, which is involved in reward; and the dorsolateral amygdala subdivision had relatively reduced FC with the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, which is involved in non-reward.

SUBMITTER: Cheng W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6022538 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Functional connectivity of the human amygdala in health and in depression.

Cheng Wei W Rolls Edmund T ET Qiu Jiang J Xie Xiongfei X Lyu Wujun W Li Yu Y Huang Chu-Chung CC Yang Albert C AC Tsai Shih-Jen SJ Lyu Fajin F Zhuang Kaixiang K Lin Ching-Po CP Xie Peng P Feng Jianfeng J

Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 20180601 6

To analyse the functioning of the amygdala in depression, we performed the first voxel-level resting state functional-connectivity neuroimaging analysis of depression of voxels in the amygdala with all other voxels in the brain, with 336 patients with major depressive disorder and 350 controls. Amygdala voxels had decreased functional connectivity (FC) with the orbitofrontal cortex, temporal lobe areas, including the temporal pole, inferior temporal gyrus and the parahippocampal gyrus. The reduc ...[more]

PMID: 29767786

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Project description:IMPORTANCE:Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently emerges during adolescence and can lead to persistent illness, disability, and suicide. The maturational changes that take place in the brain during adolescence underscore the importance of examining neurobiological mechanisms during this time of early illness. However, neural mechanisms of depression in adolescents have been understudied. Research has implicated the amygdala in emotion processing in mood disorders, and adult depression studies have suggested amygdala-frontal connectivity deficits. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging is an advanced tool that can be used to probe neural networks and identify brain-behavior relationships. OBJECTIVE:To examine amygdala resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in adolescents with and without MDD using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging as well as how amygdala RSFC relates to a broad range of symptom dimensions. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:A cross-sectional resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study was conducted within a depression research program at an academic medical center. Participants included 41 adolescents and young adults aged 12 to 19 years with MDD and 29 healthy adolescents (frequency matched on age and sex) with no psychiatric diagnoses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:Using a whole-brain functional connectivity approach, we examined the correlation of spontaneous fluctuation of the blood oxygen level-dependent signal of each voxel in the whole brain with that of the amygdala. RESULTS:Adolescents with MDD showed lower positive RSFC between the amygdala and hippocampus, parahippocampus, and brainstem (z >2.3, corrected P < .05); this connectivity was inversely correlated with general depression (R?=?-.523, P?=?.01), dysphoria (R?=?-.455, P?=?.05), and lassitude (R?=?-.449, P?=?.05) and was positively correlated with well-being (R?=?.470, P?=?.03). Patients also demonstrated greater (positive) amygdala-precuneus RSFC (z >2.3, corrected P < .05) in contrast to negative amygdala-precuneus RSFC in the adolescents serving as controls. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:Impaired amygdala-hippocampal/brainstem and amygdala-precuneus RSFC have not previously been highlighted in depression and may be unique to adolescent MDD. These circuits are important for different aspects of memory and self-processing and for modulation of physiologic responses to emotion. The findings suggest potential mechanisms underlying both mood and vegetative symptoms, potentially via impaired processing of memories and visceral signals that spontaneously arise during rest, contributing to the persistent symptoms experienced by adolescents with depression.

Dataset Information

Functional connectivity of the human amygdala in health and in depression.

Publications

Functional connectivity of the human amygdala in health and in depression.

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